Skip to main content

The People's Republic of China

It is said that China is a country that smells like tradition, customs and effort .One of the oldest civilizations in the world, a country ruled for hundreds of years by hereditary absolutist monarchies called Dynasties .China seemed to have anchored in time, its forbidden city, sanctuary of the monarchies and spaces where the nobility lived very differently from their population.But as we will see below, different events led to a popular revolution, creating a new concept of country called People's Republic of China .Because the Dynasties disappeared after so long, because its name was changed from Republic of China to Republic Popular of China.

The People's Republic of China

The People's Republic of China | The End of the Dynasties

The first dynasty that ruled in the country was the Xia dynasty , a dynasty that practically has not been recorded except for the literary records that place his government around 2,205 BC From this first dynasty to the last, which governed from 1644 to 1912, the Qing dynasty , thousands of years of tradition, culture and science that began to falter towards the end of the 19th century.

The People's Republic of China

Forbidden City

The 19th century was a very convulsive century for the Chinese population, the constant incursions of the Northern peoples, especially from the Huns, caused a migratory movement difficult to absorb. Years of poor harvests and a population as large as China caused one of the greatest catastrophes such as the Hungry one suffered in the northern part of the country, a famine that caused approximately thirteen million deaths.

At the end of the 19th century , the idea of ​​establishing a constitutional monarchy I take Emperor Guangxu to undertake a series of reforms, but they were quickly aborted after being overthrown in a coup devised by the Empress Cixi.

The People's Republic of China

Cixi poses with all the imperial splendor

Maybe the idea of ​​Empress Cixi it was not to modify the monarchical system, but if it was in charge of modernizing the country, it is due to the arrival of the railroad or the telegraph, while modifying certain practices that were considered traditional as it was the legging of Chinese women's feet.

The People's Republic of China | The Rebellion of the Boxes

But the so-called Rebellion of the Boxers , managed to weaken the government of Cixi and therefore of the Qing dynasty.

called Rebelion de los Boxer began in late 1899 and ended in September 1901, it was a movement against foreign influence in different sectors such as commerce, religion or politics.movement in favor of old traditions and against progress.

The rebellion ended with the Xinchou Treaty or Boxer Protocol. A treaty for which China promised to execute the officers involved in the rebellion as well as indemnify the winning countries with more than three hundred million dollars as war damages, a payment that should be paid in a period of 40 years.

The People's Republic of China

Boxer's Rebellion

The winning countries en and signatories of the Boxer Protocol were:

  • Germany
  • Austria
  • Hungary
  • Belgium
  • France
  • United States
  • Spain
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Japon
  • Netherlands
  • Russia

Commercial advantages and permission to establish troops between the capital Beijing and the Yellow Sea, were an essential part of the signing of the treaty

The People's Republic of China

Boxer-Repression Rebellion

The Qing dynasty weakened by events at that had to face during the nineteenth century as the different Opium Wars against the British Empire that led them to have to sign very unequal treaties with great economic compensation and even the loss of territories in favor of Great Brittany as was the loss of the Port of Hong Kong.

The People's Republic of China

In a few weeks , the Japanese controlled the east-west corridor from Beijing to Tianjin, in the Gulf of Chihli.

Wars like the Sino-Japanese between 1894-1895, whereby lost the island of Taiwan in the hands of Japan, as well as the influence that China had on Korea.All these wars and rebellions such as Miao, Nien, Panthay, weakened the government creating a state of discomfort among the Chinese population.

The People's Republic of China

Xinhai Chinese Revolution

Laultima revolution of Xinhai in 1911, ended with millennia of tradition and dynastic culture, giving rise to the Republic of China.

People's Republic of China | The Republic of China

After the Xinhai Revolution, on the first day of January 1912, the Republic of China was proclaimed.The first president Sun Yat-Sen, leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party, although this would hold his office ephemerally. In 1915, a former general belonging to the Qing dynasty called Yuan Shikai was self-proclaimed Emperor of China.

The People's Republic of China

Sun Yat-Sen

This proclamation did not please the Chinese people and the new army.Without the support of the army and with the discontent of the Chinese people, Yuan Shikai, he was forced to abdicate and re-establish the Republic of China.

The People's Republic of China

Kuomintang

China's political situation was very weakened, despite having been recognized by the international community, power remained concentrated in the great regional lords.The situation changed in the late 1920s, when the Chinese Nationalist Party or Kuomintang, I can reunify under the mandate of Chiang Kai Shek , the country.

The People's Republic of China | The People's Republic of China

Transfer the capital of Beijing to Nankin and dedicate its policy to the development and modernization of China, with the only idea of ​​getting a democratic and modern China.the outbreak of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 , the communist party of Mao Zedong , was declared the winner.

The People's Republic of China

Chinese Civil War in 1949-Mao Zedong

Everything the Chinese nationalist party had fought against communism and in favor of a democracy , it had collapsed. In 1949 in Beijing the People's Republic of China was proclaimed. The political opponents who found refuge on the Island of Taiwan, creating in it its own Republic of China since the revolution never got control of it.

The People's Republic of China

Island of Taiwan

From 1949 until today, the Republic of China has continued to claim its right legitimate by the government of China, being recognized by much of the international community. Nowadays Taiwan is still the Republic of China, while for the rest of the country the name is that of People's Republic of China, making clear the difference in regimes.

The People's Republic of China

For the next entries, we will continue to develop the fascinating history of China, its situation today, the economic colossus in which it has become or how it lives and develops its society and its technology.

History Today Online has taken into account the theme developed in This article and we have looked for other related topics that may also interest you such as:

The People's Republic of China | Image GalleryThe People's Republic of China

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Josep Tarradellas Biography

Josep Tarradellas (Josep Tarradellas i Joan; Cervelló, Barcelona, ​​1899-Barcelona, ​​1988) Catalan nationalist politician.His Catalanist and leftist convictions led him to participate in the republican opposition against the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera (1923-1930), as a member of various groups that, in 1931, were integrated into the Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya coalition. Josep Tarradellas Tarradellas was elected secretary general of that group, which was to dominate Catalan political life during the Second Republic (1931-1936).He was a member of the Spanish Parliament and, after the approval of the first Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia (1932), also a member of the Catalan Parliament, Minister of the Interior and Health and a close collaborator of the first president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, Francesc Macià.
Post a Comment
Read more

Francisco Asenjo Barbieri Biography

Francisco Asenjo Barbieri (Madrid, 1823-1894) Spanish composer and musicologist.The significance of Francisco Asenjo Barbieri in Spanish music is threefold: he was an excellent composer, a capable conductor, who is responsible for the introduction in Spain of many symphonic works from the European continent, and a tireless musicologist, responsible for the recovery and edition of the ancient heritage of his homeland. Francisco Asenjo Barbieri Drawn to opera since his earliest childhood (when he attended the Italian opera performances that were offered at the Teatro de la Cruz, in the that his grandfather worked), Barbieri studied clarinet, singing and composition at the Madrid Conservatory, where he had Ramón Carnicer as his teacher.At the end of his studies he carried out various tasks, from copyist to choirmaster, while trying to publicize his first compositions, including the Italian opera Il buontempone (1847). The difficulties to release it made him focus his interest o...
Post a Comment
Read more

The Berlin Wall - Construction, history and fall of the Berlin Wall

The Berlin Wall-Construction, history and fall of the Berlin Wall .The construction and especially the fall of the Berlin Wall have been great events that have marked the history of the 20th century since This wall divided Germany into two parts for more than 28 years. In this article we want to explain the background, the history of the construction, the fall and where you can see the remains of the Berlin Wall.all about the Berlin Wall, the Cold War symbol ! Index of the article Background of the Berlin Wall Let's start the article explaining how Germany was and what happened for the construction of the Berlin Wall.When World War II ended Germany was divided , we focused on Berlin where the city was segmented and n four sectors depending on the countries that occupied it.Or what is the same, Berlin was divided into these four sectors of occupation : The Soviet area The American zone The French zone The English zone When four countries with such different pol...
Post a Comment
Read more

Prehistory: How did the Paleolithic hunters and gatherers live?

In a previous article we already talked about Prehistory and specifically, about hunters and gatherers in the Paleolithic.We suggest you learn more about how these societies lived hundreds of thousands of years ago. Article index Prehistory: Paleolithic hunters and gatherers, how did they live? The prehistoric era encompassed the longest period of humanity, and in fact includes from the appearance of man until the first writings are given.We can say that the prehistory is divided between Neolotic, Paleolithic and stone age. Focusing on the paleolotico , the remains of paintings of the man who lived in the caves, has allowed us to know that these were mainly dedicated to hunting animals and also n collected. Adaptation to the Environment In order to carry out the collection, it was necessary to adapt to the environment that is the ability of man to obtain resources from the environment for the subsistence and growth of the society . The humans of the Paleo...
Post a Comment
Read more

Jorge L. Tamayo Biography

Jorge L.Tamayo (Oaxaca, 1912-Playa Vicente, Veracruz, 1978) Mexican engineer and geographer.He was a professor of economic geography, a technical consultant on transportation for the UN attached to ECLAC, and president of the Mexican Society of Natural History (1974-1978).His works include The use of water and soil in Mexico (1958), Atlas of the water of the Mexican Republic (1976) and The fundamental problem of the Mexican agriculture (1964), for which he won the national economics prize in 1962 and 1964.Despite not being one of his fields of study, Jorge L.Tamayo also carried out an enormous task as a historian by collecting more than nine thousand writings and documents related to the Mexican president Benito Juárez, a task in which he invested ten years and whose results would be published in fifteen volumes.
Post a Comment
Read more

Ibn al-Nafis Biography

Ibn al-Nafis (Damascus, 1205-Cairo, 1288) Arab physician.He studied medicine in Damascus.His professional career developed in Egypt, where he was chief of physicians, and later headed the Nasiri Hospital in Cairo. Ibn al-Nafis He is known for his writings on physiology and medicine.His voluminous book on the art of medicine, entitled Kitab al-Shamil , includes specific sections on surgical techniques and on the obligations of physicians to their patients.He also wrote various treatises on eye diseases and on diet, as well as comments on the writings of the Greek physician Hippocrates. His most outstanding contribution was the discovery of the lesser circulation of the blood (pulmonary circulation), to the that it arrived surely by pure reflection, since the dissection was prohibited by the Muslim law; Such a contribution is found in his work Sharh Tashrrih al-Qanun .His theory was not accepted by his contemporaries; However, as early as the 16th century, the Spanish theologi...
Post a Comment
Read more

John osborne Biography

John Osborne (London, 1929-Shropshire, UK, 1994) British playwright.The first book of his autobiography, A Better Class of Person (1989), describes his childhood in the suburbs, his brief experience as a journalist and his years as a provincial actor, during which he began to write his first plays, the first being staged in 1950. He made his name with Looking back with anger (1956), which was followed by Epitaph for George Dillon (1957), written in collaboration with Anthony Creighton. The Host (1957) starred Laurence Olivier in the role of Archie Rice, a withered survivor of the great Music Hall era. Looking back with anger was the founder of a new theatrical trend that critics called the school of angry young men ( angry young man ) for the vitality, satire and realism of his proposal, which expressed a reaction against the old values ​​and the social order established in the postwar period.Osborne was precisely one of the most important and well-known playwrights o...
Post a Comment
Read more

Enrico Caruso Biography

Enrico Caruso (Naples, 1873-id., 1921) Italian tenor considered the best of his time and one of the greatest in history.Enrico Caruso made his debut in his hometown in 1894, although it was in Milan that he achieved his first great success in 1898 with the interpretation of the opera Fedora , by Umberto Giordano. Enrico Caruso His tours took him around the world, with performances in Saint Petersburg, Rome, Lisbon and Monte Carlo, where he excelled in his magnificent interpretation of La bohème by Giacomo Puccini, accompanied by Australian soprano Nellie Melba.With his fame firmly established, he made his debut in 1902 at London's Covent Garden with Rigoletto by Verdi, an opera that he also performed at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York in 1903, with extraordinary success.The beauty and strength of her voice won over the Metropolitan audience. His cheerful and outgoing character, his dramatic talent on stage and an almost perfect tenor voice, with a superb powe...
Post a Comment
Read more

Georges devereux Biography

Georges Devereux (Lugos, 1908-Paris, 1985) Hungarian-American anthropologist and psychiatrist.He studied physics with Curie and Perrin, but in 1926 he went to the institute of ethnology, where he was a disciple of Maus and Lévy-Bruhl, and settled in the United States, where he was a professor at various universities.He founded ethnopsychiatry ( Ethnopsychiatry , 1970) and synthesized Greek culture ( Dreams in Greek tragedy , 1976), psychoanalysis ( Complementary ethnopsychoanalysis , 1972) and anthropology (he has two studies on the Prairie Indians and the Mohave).
Post a Comment
Read more

Albert uderzo Biography

Albert Uderzo French cartoonist and screenwriter, born in Fismes in 1927.His foray into the world of comics took place very early, as an employee in a publishing house, which allowed him to learn his techniques and launch himself to the publication of his first plates.In collaboration with René Goscinny, he created Pistolet and Luc Junior ; Years later, in the weekly Pilote, would appear what was to become one of his most successful creations: Asterix , with scripts by his friend Goscinny.Another of his notable productions, in collaboration with Charlier, was Tanguy et Laverdure .He is considered one of the most important authors of the comic.
Post a Comment
Read more