Duke of Cumberland Biography

Duke of Cumberland

(William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland; London, 1721-id., 1765) British military.Son of George II, in the middle of the War of Succession to the Austrian throne (1740-1748) he was appointed commander-in-chief of the allied forces and, shortly after taking office, he was defeated by the troops of the French commander Maurice de Saxe in the battle of Fontenoy (1745).However, that same year he was called by the deposed monarch George II to face the Jacobite revolt of the pretender Carlos Eduardo, whom he defeated in the battle of Culloden Moor in April 1746 and in which nearly a thousand Scots died.In the repression that followed the armed confrontation, he executed around 120 prisoners of war, which has led to his being known by the nickname "the Butcher" ever since.Later, and after staying in Scotland for three months, he returned to the French front, where in July 1747 he lost the Battle of Lauffeld.In July 1757, after being again defeated by the French army, he signed the Klosterzeven convention, by which he promised to evacuate Hannover.This confronted him with his father, the owner of said territory, as a result of which he withdrew.

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Hans tausen Biography

Hans Tausen (Birkende, 1494-Ribe, 1561) Danish reformer.He was a student of Luther at Wittenberg.In 1530 he contributed to the writing of the Confessio Hafniensis (forty-three articles of the Danish Reformation) and was Bishop of Ribe (1542).He is the author of numerous writings on theological themes.

Hevelius [Johannes Havelke] Biography

Hevelius [Johannes Havelke] (Danzig, 1611- id. , 1687) German astronomer.He drew up a first lunar map, published under the name Selenography (1647), in which he assigned names to the various features of the lunar surface and called the dark areas the sea.He determined the period of rotation of the Sun, observed its spots and discovered the faculae.In 1657 he began a catalog in which he determined the positions of 1,500 stars and that he could not finish because of a fire that destroyed his observatory (1679).

Carolingian dynasty Biography

Carolingian Dynasty Family reigning between the middle of the 8th century and the beginning of the 10th century in practically all of Western Europe (except for the Iberian Peninsula, southern Italy and the British Isles).It gets its name from the two most prominent figures of the dynasty, Carlos Martel and Charlemagne.It was originally a Germanic noble family settled in Austrasia, in the area between the Meuse and the Rhine rivers; a first attempt to seize the Throne from the Merovingians in the mid-seventh century ended in failure, without the reprisals affecting the family patrimony.From now on, the family preferred to grow up under the Merovingian monarchy, whose decomposition left effective power in the hands of the mayordomos of the palaces of the different territories. Pepin II of Herstal (679-714) , steward of Austrasia, managed to seize the rule of the Frankish kingdom by defeating the steward of Neustria and Burgundy.His bastard son Carlos Martel (714-41) re-establis...

Frank Lloyd Biography

Frank Lloyd (Glasgow, 1889-Santa Monica, 1960) American film director of British origin.He specialized in adventure films ( Cabalgata , 1933; Rebellion on board , 1935; Lords of the sea , 1939; Last order , 1955).

Josep de Togores Biography

Josep de Togores (Josep de Togores i Llach; Cerdanyola, 1893-Barcelona, 1970) Spanish painter.After a first realistic stage, with a predominance of the nude, he drifted towards a style with a religious theme.He also worked on mural painting and book illustration. Born into a wealthy family and with intellectual and artistic concerns, he soon revealed a great sensitivity for drawing.At thirteen years of age, he became deaf due to meningitis.In those years he was a drawing student of Joan Llaverias, who advised the father to let his son's artistic potential develop to the maximum.In 1906, father and son traveled to Paris and then to Belgium in the hope of curing the boy's deafness. A year later, stimulated by the impression made on him by the Monet painting he saw at the International Exhibition in Barcelona, Josep de Togores began to paint his first oil paintings.After a period of apprenticeship with Félix Mestres in Barcelona, he painted some worthy paintings, the ...

Josep Maria de Sagarra Biography

Josep Maria de Sagarra (Josep Maria de Sagarra i Castellarnau; Barcelona, 1894-1961) Spanish poet, playwright and storyteller in the Catalan language who was the most popular author on the Catalan scene during the decades of 1920 and 1930.Son of a linajuda native family of the region of La Segarra, his father, Ferran de Sagarra i de Siscar, was a notable historian and archaeologist specialized in stealth.Sagarra's literary vocation was manifested from his childhood: at the age of eight he wrote verses and performed comedies at home. Josep Maria de Sagarra He was educated with the Jesuits of Barcelona; one of his teachers, Father Moreu, encouraged him in his penchant for poetry.At the age of twelve he saw his first verses published, and in 1914 his first book appeared: Primer llibre de poemes .He studied Law at the University of Barcelona: among his friends and classmates were the poets Josep Maria López-Picó and Carles Riba.It was presented to Joan Maragall, who guessed i...

John Singleton Copley Biography

John Singleton Copley (Boston, 1737-London, 1815) American painter.He devoted himself to history painting and portraiture ( Brook Watson and the Shark , 1778; The Death of Chatham , 1780).

Isidore Philipp Biography

Isidore Philipp (Budapest, 1863-Paris, 1958) French pianist and composer of Hungarian origin.Installed in France from a young age, in 1890 he founded, with Berthelier and Loeb, a chamber music association.He was a remarkable pianist and an esteemed teacher.He lived in the US since 1941.He wrote educational works for his instrument.

José Agustín Pérez del Pulgar Biography

José Agustín Pérez del Pulgar (Madrid, 1875-1939) Physicist and Spanish Jesuit.He was professor of physics in 1897 at the Chamartín de la Rosa school in Madrid, where he founded a meteorological observatory whose bulletin he directed between 1900 and 1904.He obtained a degree in physics in 1905 and moved to Belgium, Holland and Germany, where he carried out various theology courses. José Agustín Pérez del Pulgar A student of the eminent mathematicians David Hilbert and Felix Klein at the universities of Liège and Göttingen, his interest in mathematics led him to study geometry projective, particularly in aspects related to electrostatic theory, as reflected in works such as The theory of potential and the curvature of space (1907) or Stokes's theorem and the fundamental laws of electromagnetism (1913). He was the founder of the Catholic Institute of Arts and Industries of Madrid and of the School of mechanical-electric assemblers.In an article, published in 1915, entit...

Joseph Sima Biography

Joseph Sima (Jaromèr, Eastern Bohemia, 1891-Paris, 1971) Czech painter, nationalized French.In Prague, he trained in Fauvist and Cubist research.He arrived in Paris in 1921, directing his work towards the search for the metaphysical and poetic expression of the imaginary ( Double landscape [electric storm] , 1928) and taking part, with Gilbert-Lécomte and Daumal, of the group Great game .Inactive between 1939-1949, since the fifties he resumed his mysticist search for luminous fabrics of rare and elemental shapes ( Earth paved with light , 1970).

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