Skip to main content

Francesc Cambó Biography

Francesc Cambó

(Francesc Cambó i Batlle, also called Francisco Cambó; Verges, Gerona, 1876-Buenos Aires, 1947) Spanish politician.Militant since his youth of Catalan nationalism, he adhered to its more conservative tendency.In 1901 he participated in the founding of the Regionalist League of Catalonia, starting his political career as a councilor for the Barcelona City Council.He promoted the Catalan Solidarity coalition, with which he reached the Congress of Deputies in 1907.

Francesc Cambó

With his election, the idea that the Catalanists should be present in the central institutions of the State (from which he assumed the defense of Catalan industrial interests), but from now on he would move in the tension between two irreconcilable objectives: to obtain a decisive power in the Spanish political system and to increase the levels of self-government of Catalonia.

Politically, Francesc Cambó defended the need to reform the Restoration system by eliminating caciquismo and electoral corruption, to build a liberal parliamentary regime in the style of those that prevailed in Western Europe.Such ideas led him to promote the Assembly of Parliamentarians, which in 1917 met outside the constitutional institutions to demand profound political reforms.

But Cambó was also a conservative, close to business points of view, so he moved away from the protests when the general strike gave the crisis a social slant; Thus, when Antonio Maura formed a Government of National Union in 1918, Cambó joined in representation of the Catalanists, assuming the Development portfolio.Later he was Minister of Finance in another Maura government (1921-22), a circumstance that he took advantage of to adopt a favorable protectionist tariff for Catalan industry, as well as a Banking Regulation Law.

The social tensions of those years tipped him towards increasingly reactionary positions, consistent with his interests as the rich businessman that he was.The coup d'état of Miguel Primo de Rivera removed him from active politics during the time that the dictatorship lasted (1923-30), but he did not fight it, convinced of the need for repression to stop the labor movement.

For the same reasons he tried to save the monarchy of Alfonso XIII after the fall of the dictator; It did not succeed and the Second Republic that was established in 1931 was associated with the electoral defeat of the regionalist League.Fearing the revolutionary aspect of the new political situation, he went into exile in France, from where he returned in 1933-once the democratic character of the republican regime had been verified-to reorganize his party, under the name of Lliga catalana.

He was elected deputy in the elections of 1933, which gave the victory to the right, but not in those of 1936, which the Popular Front won.Finally, his conservatism prevailed over his Catalanism and supported the military uprising that led to the Civil War (1936-39) and that brought Francisco Franco to power.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Hans richter Biography

Hans Richter (Györ, 1843-Bayreuth, 1916) Conductor of Austro-Hungarian origin.Hans Richter was born into a family of professional musicians: his father was a chapelmaster at Raab Cathedral (now Györ) and his mother, Josephine Csazinsky, a renowned singer.Thus, from his early years, he made general education compatible with music practice and training, first as a member of the choir of the Vienna Hofkapelle and, later, attending violin and horn classes.which were taught at the Vienna Conservatory, where he would later take music theory lessons from Simon Sechter. Following the most common path in the career of most orchestral conductors, he took his first steps in professional music as an instrumentalist, occupying one of the horn seats in the Kärntnertor Theater orchestra.It was the director of this small orchestra who recommended the young man to whom he was already for many and, of course, for himself, the greatest musical figure of the time: Richard Wagner. Richter spent th...
Post a Comment
Read more

Gustavo Adolfo Becquer Biography

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (Gustavo Adolfo Domínguez Bastida; Seville, 1836-Madrid, 1870) Spanish poet.Along with Rosalía de Castro, he is the highest representative of post-romantic poetry, a trend that had as distinctive features the intimate theme and an apparent expressive simplicity, far from the vehemence rhetoric of romanticism. Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (detail of a portrait made by his brother Valeriano, c.1862) Bécquer's work exerted a strong He influenced later figures such as Rubén Darío, Antonio Machado, Juan Ramón Jiménez and the poets of the generation of '27, and critics judge him to be the initiator of contemporary Spanish poetry.But more than a great name in literary history, Bécquer is above all a living poet, popular in every sense of the word, whose verses, with a moving voice and winged beauty, have enjoyed and continue to enjoy the predilection of millions of readers.. Biography Son and brother of painters, he was orphaned at the age of ten and live...
Post a Comment
Read more

Adolf Bastian Biography

Adolf Bastian (Bremen, 1826-Port of Spain, 1905) German ethnologist.Descendant of a merchant family, he studied law, natural sciences and medicine.As a surgeon, he enlisted in the navy, which allowed him to travel the world for eight years.The acquired knowledge allowed him to write his work The man in history (1860), where he developed a political psychology (social and cultural) and proposed an ethnographic development based on data from all humanity, to achieve a Weltanschauung unitary, mediating between science and knowledge.He always stressed the urgency of constituting an empirical basis for the collection of testimonies (objects, original or derived cultural experiences, representations and conceptions of the world) of the "natural peoples" in the process of disappearing. The work of Bastian became active in 1861, when the German physiologist Rudolf Wagner, a foreign member of the Paris Anthropological Society, tried to found another similar institution in Ger...
Post a Comment
Read more

Fray Mocho [José Sixto Álvarez] Biography

Fray Mocho [José Sixto Álvarez] (Gualeguaychú, 1858-Buenos Aires, 1903) Argentine journalist and narrator who gave breadth to costumbrista literature, both in rural descriptions and in urban paintings, and in sharp vignettes he reflected the popular Buenos Aires speech of the early twentieth century, as a witness to the effects of modernization and demographic growth. Fray Mocho [José Sixto Álvarez] He studied at the prestigious National College of Concepción del Uruguay, where he began his journalistic activity.At age twenty-one he moved to Buenos Aires; collaborated with El Nacional , La Pampa , La Patria Argentina , La Nación and La Razón , but he did not succeed with the edition of the humorous magazine Fray Gerundio , of which he was founder.His first work was Esmeraldas, mundanos tales (1885). The position of official and police chronicler allowed him to observe the types of the Buenos Aires underworld, which he transferred to numerous stories: Gallery of thiev...
Post a Comment
Read more

Jose de San Martin: A Hero of South America

To talk about Jose de San Martin, we have to place historically in the South American independence of the Spanish colonies.If we place it chronologically, we will be talking about the beginning of the 19th century. While Europe was living the vicissitudes of a young French military, called Napoleon , in America, the new enlightened currents, the new policies and a society prepared to rule its own future , lit the fuse of the Independence .If we talk about relevant and necessary figures to carry out such a company in South America, we certainly have to refer to Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Marti . In this article we will focus on Jose de San Martin , independence hero of Argentina, Chile and Peru, c How was his life, his motivations, his military career and his independence achievements, a man of firm convictions. Jose de San Martin | Childhood and Youth His full name was Jose Francisco de San Marti y Matorras , he was born in Yapeyu or as he was called in his ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Isabel de Villena Biography

Isabel de Villena (Valencia ?, 1430-1490) Illegitimate daughter of Don Enrique de Villena, Isabel de Villena was perhaps born in Valencia, where she was educated by her aunt, Queen María, wife of Alfonso V of Aragon, since at the age of four she was orphaned.His real name was Elionor Manuel de Villena; she adopted that of Isabel when she entered the monastery of Poor Clare Franciscans of the Holy Trinity in Valencia. Isabel de Villena She is the author of a Life of Jesus , written in Valencian for the nuns of her convent, of which she became Prioress in the year 1463.The work is structured around the biography of Jesus of Nazareth and is woven together with a series of detailed comments on the Gospels that show great mastery in the recreation of images destined to move the devotion of the reader.It is a meditation technique taken from the Franciscan spirit of "imitation of Christ", which he must have known from the Meditationes Vitae Christi , by an anonymous author,...
Post a Comment
Read more

Angel Guimerà Biography

Ángel Guimerà (Ángel Guimerà i Jorge; Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1845-Barcelona, ​​1924) Spanish playwright in the Catalan language.He belonged to a Catalan family from El Vendrell (Bajo Penedés) accidentally established in the Canaries.When he was seven years old, his relatives returned to Catalonia, and the boy lived in El Vendrell and later in Barcelona, ​​where he studied at the Escuelas Pías until his father took him to the manor house with him. Ángel Guimerà When, on the death of his father, Guimerà settled permanently in Barcelona, ​​he was already known as a poet in the literary circles of the Catalan capital; There, together with Francesc Mateu and his inseparable friend Pere Aldavert, he founded the fortnightly magazine La Renaixença , an organ of literary and political Catalanism, of which he was a collaborator and later director. In 1874 he joined the group of "Jove Catalunya" and actively participated in the political and cultural movement that advocated t...
Post a Comment
Read more

Garnet Joseph Wolseley Biography

Garnet Joseph Wolseley (Garnet Joseph Wolseley, 1st Viscount of Wolseley; Golden Bridge, County Dublin, 1833-Mentone, France, 1913) Field Marshal and Commander-in-Chief of the British Army (1895-1901).During the short period of time that he was in absolute command of the British Army, he carried out a profound reorganization and modernization of it. Garnet Wolseley Son of a British officer, in 1852 he joined the army as second lieutenant of an infantry regiment, with which he distinguished himself in the Second Burmese War (1852-1853), which earned him promotion to the rank of lieutenant..The following year he campaigned in the Crimean War (1854-1856), serving in the corps of engineers.During the siege of Sevastopol he behaved with unparalleled courage and was seriously wounded, after which he was promoted to the rank of captain in December 1854. Once again in active duty, Wolseley participated in the campaign directed to suppress the sepoy rebellion in India (1857-1859), in w...
Post a Comment
Read more

Jan Hus Biography

Jan Hus (Also called John or John Huss; Husinec, Bohemia, 1369-Constance, 1415) Promoter of the Czech ecclesiastical reform.He was born into a poor peasant family in southwestern Bohemia.However, he managed to study Theology and Arts at the University of Prague and ordained himself a priest (1400).In 1402 he was appointed rector of the University, supported by the Czech particularist sentiment against Germanic domination. Jan Hus Under the influence of the English heretic John Wycliffe, Hus began in 1405 to preach against the excessive wealth of the Church and the immorality of the clergy, demanding a return to the purity of the evangelical message, preaching in the Czech language that the people could understand, and communion under both species.Its influence was increased by the crisis in which the Church of Rome was plunged by the "Schism of the West", as well as by the Czech nationalist reaction against the German minority (started with the struggle for control of ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Alexandr Danilovich Menshikov Biography

Alexandr Danilovich Menshikov (near Vladimir, 1672-Berezovo, 1729) Prince (1707), Russian politician and military man.Favorite of Peter the Great, he played an important role in the war against the Swedes (1706).In 1709 he annihilated much of the Swedish army at Poltava.An ambitious and venal man, he helped Catherine I to ascend to the throne (1725) and, during her reign, kept her power.Tsar Peter II deported him to Siberia (1728), where he died destitute.
Post a Comment
Read more