Jose Refugio Velasco Biography

José Refugio Velasco

(Aguascalientes, 1851-Mexico, 1923) Mexican military.He evicted Pancho Villa de Torreón during the Huerta regime and, after the latter's fall, was part of the interim Carbajal government.Appointed commander-in-chief of the army, he signed the Teoloyucán Accords (1914) with the constitutionalists, which put an end to the Huerta period.

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Frank Borzage Biography

Frank Borzage (Salt Lake City, 1893-Hollywood, 1962) American film director.Frank Borzage occupies a very special place among the many artisans who populated classic Hollywood, capable of leaping from the western to war films or sophisticated comedies, displaying a narrative efficiency and technical knowledge worthy of admiration.The uniqueness of this filmmaker lies in the fact that, even knowing how to excellently perform the role of a simple worker at the service of a complex industrial machinery, he always knew how to maintain constants of visual style characterized by the poetic sensitivity of his images and the romanticism of his staging. Director of about a hundred films, Borzage is especially known as the signer of a handful of excellent romantic melodramas that are among the best in the history of cinema, in the case of Human torrents or The seventh heaven , although his figure is still somewhat obscured by other great filmmakers of the genre such as John M.Stahl or ...

Javier Marias Biography

Javier Marías (Madrid, 1951) Spanish writer.The remarkable technical perfection with which he elaborates his novels, which are inscribed in a line of narrative experimentation, is the characteristic feature of this author translated into many languages and who enjoys unanimous esteem on the part of European critics.His works reflect in an ironic, distanced and introspective way the perplexity generated by the perpetual contrast between reality, appearance and memory. Javier Marías Son of philosopher Julián Marías, graduated in philosophy and letters; for two years he carried out his teaching activity as a professor of Spanish literature at the University of Oxford and at Wellesley College (Massachusetts).From his first titles, he was revealed as one of the most personal voices in the Spanish narrative of the moment.The author, whose voice is perceptible in all his works, develops complex characters and uncertain situations, subtly exploring new literary formulas.Although the f...

Hernando Tellez Biography

Hernando Téllez (Santafé de Bogotá, 1908-1966) Colombian writer and journalist.From a very young age, he showed his journalistic skills, as a contributor to the magazine Universidad directed by Germán Arciniegas, and as an assistant to Enrique Santos in El Tiempo . He was also deputy director of El Liberal and director of the magazine Semana .During the period between 1943 and 1944 he served as Colombian consul in Marseille and senator of the Republic, but he stood out above all for being one of the most complete writers of his time (he was a translator, commentator, short story writer, essayist and literary critic ). In his extensive essay work he dealt with issues of literature, society, politics and everyday life.Téllez was a poet of the essay, as well as profound; He was a great craftsman of the language, a teacher in a sober and effective handling of the language.He was a sensitive observer of daily life, an acute critic of the social and political life of the country...

François Fénelon Biography

François Fénelon (François de Salignac de La Mothe, known as François Fénelon; Castle of Fénelon, Périgord, 1651-Cambrai, 1715) French prelate and scholar.Ordained a priest in 1675, François Fénelon oversaw the reeducation missions of Protestant converts to Catholicism and wrote the Treatise on the Education of Young Women (1687) for the Duke of Beauvillier and his eight daughters. François Fénelon His friendship with Madame Guyon, a well-known quietist, attracted criticism from various ecclesiastical hierarchies.In defense of the litigious tendency he wrote his Explanation of the maxims of the saints (1697), the beginning of a very violent lawsuit with Jacques Bossuet.King Louis XIV of France wrested the condemnation of his work from the Holy See (1699), and Fénelon was exiled to his diocese and was deprived of his titles and pensions. From the literary point of view, the fame of François Fénelon rests on The Adventures of Telemachus (1699), a novel with satirical overt...

The Mayan Religion

The Mayans inhabited Central America in the centuries before the Conquest of America, developing a highly evolved civilization.In it, religious beliefs played an essential role that we will talk about in the next article.In About History we talk to you now of the Mayan Religion . The Mayan religionThe Mayan calendarsThe Mayan ceremoniesOther entities in the Mayan religionVideo of the Mayan religion The Mayan religion : The religion of the Mayan culture was characterized basically for the passing of life around infinite cycles of the universe .that way, it will be possible to be noticed that the Mayan religion finds its roots in time, being this diagrammed by means of diverse systems of calendars based on different patterns, dividing the life cycles of the Mayan culture . The Mayas believed that the world had been created five times and destroyed four times , this being the basis of the Mesoamerican religious culture that spread from the year 900 onwards, later a...

Anton Arensky Biography

Antón Arensky (Antón Stepanovich Arenski or Arensky; Novgorod, 1861-Tarioki, 1906) Russian composer, pianist and conductor.The son of amateur musicians, Anton Arensky studied first with Zikke, and later with Johansen and Rimski-Korsakov at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory.At the age of twenty-one he was appointed professor of harmony and counterpoint at the Moscow Conservatory.Since then he has pursued an upward career, performing for seven years as concert director of the Russian Choral Society.In 1895 he was recommended by Balakirev as his successor in the direction of the chapel of the Imperial Court of Saint Petersburg, a position he held until 1901.As a pianist he was one of the greats of the Russian Romantic tradition. Anton Arensky In 1891 he composed his first opera, A Dream on the Volga , with a text by Ostrovsky, premiered with great success in Moscow and for which he received high praise from Tchaikovsky.In fact, Arensky's work has a strong Tchaikovsky influence...

Giuseppe Mazzini Biography

Giuseppe Mazzini Revolutionary of the Italian Risorgimento (Genoa, 1805-Pisa, 1872).After studying law briefly, Giuseppe Mazzini devoted himself to the fight against the order established by the Congress of Vienna (1815).His activism would have a double objective: it was a nationalist struggle for the unity of Italy and the elimination of foreign influence on the peninsula; and also a liberal and republican struggle against the monarchical absolutism of the Restoration. Giuseppe Mazzini In 1828 he entered the secret society of the Carbonari , who had starred in the unsuccessful insurrection of 1821; He was discovered and imprisoned in 1830.But he became convinced of the ineffectiveness of his sporadic conspiracies and decided to found a mass organization of national scope: with it he would carry out intense propaganda work among the young generations, from whose patriotism he expected the "resurgence" of Italy without counting on the help of foreign powers (hence th...

Eduard taaffe Biography

Eduard Taaffe (Eduard Taaffe, count von Taaffe; Vienna, 1833-Ellischau, Bohemia, 1895) Austrian politician.Minister of the Interior and Defense (1867), he replaced the Government of Auersperg (1868-1870) and resigned when he did not reach an agreement with the Federalists.Between 1879 and 1893 he was head of the Government again, and during this second administration he favorably attended to the cultural and political demands of the national communities included in the Empire.However, the opposition of nationalists (Schönerer's German National Movement) and Christian Socials (K.Lueger) forced him to resign (1893).

Emil Zatopek Biography

Emil Zatopek (Koprivnice, 1922-Prague, 2000) Czech athlete.Four times Olympic champion, he has the honor of having achieved three gold medals (5,000 and 10,000 meters and marathon) in the same Olympic Games (Helsinki 1952), a feat that was not surpassed until the Atlanta 96 Olympics.Considered one of the great figures of 20th century athletics, his merits on the track earned him the nickname "The Human Engine". Zatopek's impressive career began purely anecdotally, when he worked in shoe factories Bata, a company that sponsored every year a race in which the people were little less than forced to compete.Dragged to the starting line, he had no choice but to run and, to his surprise, he finished second, prompting him to participate in other races.He himself created his own training system, which consisted of doing short distances, which allowed him to gradually increase his speed. Zatopek at the Helsinki Olympics (1952 ) At the end of World War II, Zatopek enlisted...

Francesco Saverio Nitti Biography

Francesco Saverio Nitti (Melfi, 1868-Rome, 1953) Italian politician and economist.He graduated from the University of Naples and devoted himself to journalism and teaching; in 1898 he was professor of Economic Sciences at the same university.His first studies contributed in an essential way to defining the question of the South, which he examined from the point of view of the distribution of state income, as for example in Il bilancio dello Stato from 1862 to 1896-1897 (1900), and especially in North and South (1902), in which the myth of southern parasitism was destroyed. Francesco Nitti Other studies from those years dealt with the issue of the distribution of private wealth ( La ricchezza dell'Italia , 1904) and hydroelectric energy, seen as an indispensable instrument for the industrialization of the South ( Le forze idrauliche d'Italia e la loro utilizzazione , 1906).His work Catholic Socialism should be highlighted. He was a radical deputy (1904), Ministe...

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