Josef Svatopluk Machar Biography

Josef Svatopluk Machar

(Kolín, 1864-Prague, 1942) Czech writer.He is one of the main representatives of the realist current in his country.His collections of poems Confiteor (1887) and Magdalena (1894) and the nine volumes of Through the Conscience of the Centuries (1906-1926) stand out.).

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Bruno Maderna Biography

Bruno Maderna (Venice, 1920-Darmstadt, 1973) Italian conductor and composer.He was a student of G.F.Malipiero and H.Scherchen.He developed an intense activity as a director, both of old music (new editions and transcriptions of Monteverdi or Rameau) and contemporary (premieres of L.Nono, L.de Pablo, G.Amy or S.Bussotti).He taught at the conservatories of Venice, Milan, and Rotterdam, at the Darmstadt summer courses, at the Mozarteum in Salzburg, and at the Juilliard School in New York.In 1955 he founded, with L.Berio, the RAI Phonology Study in Milan.Its production, influenced by the post-Webernian school, played a fundamental role in the development of the Italian musical avant-garde.Some of his most representative works are the electronic work Nocturno (1955), the radio opera Don Perlimplín (1962), the theatrical action Hiperión ( 1964), the Quadrivium for orchestra and the radio drama Portrait of Erasmus (1970).

Franz kafka Biography

Franz Kafka (Prague, 1883-Kierling, Austria, 1924) Czech writer in the German language whose work marks the beginning of the profound renewal that the European novel would undergo in the first decades of the 20th century.Franz Kafka definitely left nineteenth-century realism behind by turning his narratives into parables of disturbing and inexhaustible symbolic richness: starring antiheroes lost in an incomprehensible world, his novels reflect an apparently recognizable and everyday reality, but subjected to disturbing mutations that immerse the reader in an oppressive and suffocating nightmare, the embodiment of the anguishes and uncertainties that plague contemporary man. Franz Kafka Biography Born into a family of Jewish merchants, Franz Kafka was trained in a German cultural environment.His father, Hermann Kafka, had obtained a comfortable position with an advantageous marriage and was able to afford a good education for the first-born in one of the German schools in Pragu...

Camille Flammarion Biography

Camille Flammarion (Montigny-le-Roi, 1842-Juvisy-sur-Orge, 1925) French astronomer.Author of various works, from 1883 he directed the Juvisy Observatory, founded by himself, from which he carried out numerous investigations on astronomy, meteorology and climatology.He founded the monthly magazine L'Astronomie in 1882 and the Astronomical Society of France, of which he was president until his death.Flammarion's recognition is due to the fact that he was the first serious popularizer of astronomy (and one of the most translated authors), a science that he made available to fans. Camille Flammarion Destined for an ecclesiastical career, Camille Flammarion studied theology at the seminary in the city of Langres, an activity that he had to abandon for some time due to various economic setbacks in his family, after which he entered as an apprentice in an engraving workshop.After resuming his studies, Flammarion left them entirely to pursue his great passion, astronomy, which...

Jordi Llopart Biography

Jordi Llopart (Prat de Llobregat, 1952) Spanish athlete, the first of the great Spanish walkers who achieved projection in international athletics.It was formed under the direction of his father, coach Moisés Llopart, who was the world's most refined marcher in his time. Jordi Llopart He got the first gold medal in an absolute European Championship in the 50 km march from Prague (1978), and also the first medal in Spanish athletics in an Olympic Games: the silver in the 50 kilometers marches in the Moscow Games (1980).His sports career was much longer, but a chronic kidney disease prevented him from achieving greater achievements.Seventh at the Los Angeles Games (1984) and twelfth at the Seoul Games (1988), always in 50 kilometers, he retired in 1990 and dedicated himself to the preparation of other walkers.His pupil Daniel Plaza was champion of the 20 kilometers at the Barcelona Olympic Games (1992).

Space, change and permanence ... elements to understand history

In some of our latest articles we have analyzed different aspects of knowledge construction historical .In the latter post we have to reflect on the historical categories of " space ", " change " and " permanence " and its importance to sharpen our understanding of the history . Old Map of Colonia del Sacramento , disputed by Portuguese and Spanish for its strategic location in the Rio de la Plata As we know the History studies human societies in the past .Y of course, these societies lived in a territory ( space ) in particular, so whenever we start studying a society of the past we must place it in space and time. The space is a very important aspect e to study the History. Each territory has its own characteristics that can be decisive for understanding many aspects of a society .For example: what economic production does it do, trade routes, the distribution of the population, the strategies in wars, etc.In addition, soc...

Albert finney Biography

Albert Finney (Saldford, 1936-London, 2019) British actor.He studied at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art and made his theater debut in 1956.In the late 1950s he played almost exclusively Shakespearean roles, but in the 1960s he took a step forward with his portrayal of rebellious youth in Billy Liar , on the London stage, and with his work in the film Saturday night, Sunday morning (1960), by Karel Reisz. Albert Finney His popularity increased thanks to films written by John Osborne and directed by Tony Richardson.His excellent work in Tom Jones (1963), a film based on the novel by Henry Fielding, catapulted him to fame, and he has since been hailed as the "second Olivier"; Lawrence Olivier himself endorsed him as "the best actor of his generation." Albert Finney was indeed recognized as one of the chameleon actors par excellence, for his drastic changes in performances.In his own words, "to be an actor is to have the possibility of inhabiting a ...

The legacy of Johannes Gutenberg

In the German city of Mainz , on the west bank of the Rhine River, an unknown character was found dead in February 1468.For a few years this indigent old man and half blind he received an assignment of clothes, grains and wine from the local governor, the same who had his headquarters on the other side of the river Rhin, in Wiesbaden .Very few people remembered who he was or what he had achieved His name was Johannes Gutenberg and he was the father of modern printing. inkart Johannes Gutenberg was born in the within a patrician family of Mainz, transforming himself into a goldsmith and a worker in metal.Later he became a member of the goldsmith's guild of Strasbourg , which was then a German city, where he began working in a No very expensive dream that haunted him: finding a method to print medieval manuscripts that were carefully handcrafted, without sacrificing their elaborate ornamental design. It was only in 1455 when Gutenberg produced his first printed book, ...

ll Zamenhof

ll Zamenhof or Lazaro Zamenhof was an ophthalmologist, but above all he is known for being the creator of the international language Esperanto .Next, we will talk about Esperanto and its creator, ll Zamenhof. He was born in the city then called Belostok, of the Russian Empire, today in Poland.ll Zamenhof went to the Białystok school between 1869 and 1873, and from December 1873 until July 1879 to the "German Institute" in Warsaw.After two years of study at the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow and four at the Warsaw, he received his medical degree in the specialty of ophthalmology, which he finished studying in Vienna (1886). According to his testimony, already in his childhood in the city of Białystok (which at that time was part of the Russian Empire, but currently belongs to Poland, and where there were important communities of Poles, Jews, Russians, emans and Lithuanians), he had observed how differences between peoples because of the diversity of languages and re...

Andrea Doria Biography

Andrea Doria (Oneglia, present-day Italy, 1466-Genoa, id., 1560) Genoese admiral.He was in the service of various Italian princes, including the Pope and Alfonso II of Naples.After Charles VIII of France seized Naples, and the counterattack of Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, "the Great Captain", who put the kingdom in the hands of the Aragonese monarch Fernando el Católico, Doria rejected the invitation of the Spanish commander to join his army and put himself at the service of the Sforza of Milan. Andrea Doria Returned to Genoa, he reorganized the city's naval forces carrying out various campaigns: he reconquered Corsica and defeated the Turks in the naval battle de Pianosa, in 1519.In the following years he allied with France in its war against Emperor Charles V and fought to reconquer Genoa, which in 1522 had fallen into the hands of the emperor's troops, which he achieved in 1527.In addition, he took Salerno and Sorrento and won the naval battle of Rapallo. ...

Adolf Bastian Biography

Adolf Bastian (Bremen, 1826-Port of Spain, 1905) German ethnologist.Descendant of a merchant family, he studied law, natural sciences and medicine.As a surgeon, he enlisted in the navy, which allowed him to travel the world for eight years.The acquired knowledge allowed him to write his work The man in history (1860), where he developed a political psychology (social and cultural) and proposed an ethnographic development based on data from all humanity, to achieve a Weltanschauung unitary, mediating between science and knowledge.He always stressed the urgency of constituting an empirical basis for the collection of testimonies (objects, original or derived cultural experiences, representations and conceptions of the world) of the "natural peoples" in the process of disappearing. The work of Bastian became active in 1861, when the German physiologist Rudolf Wagner, a foreign member of the Paris Anthropological Society, tried to found another similar institution in Ger...

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