Joseph Louis Proust Biography

Joseph Louis Proust

(Angers, 1754- id ., 1826) French chemist.Emigrated to Spain, he was a professor in Segovia and Salamanca and directed a laboratory in Madrid that Carlos IV had him build.Member of the French Academy of Sciences, he carried out numerous works on the analysis of compound bodies and established the law of definite proportions.

Joseph Louis Proust

Joseph Louis Proust began to study in the laboratory of his father, then a pharmacist, and at the same time in the college of the oratorians of his native city.He continued his studies in Paris, where he befriended Lavoisier and won in 1776, after a brilliant competition, the post of chief pharmacist at the Salpêtrière hospital.At that time he published his first works and began his teaching work in the museum of his friend Pilâire de Rozier, in whose aerostatic experiences he participated.This vocation for teaching would make him leave Paris at the end of 1778 and settle in Vergara (Guipúzcoa) to carry out the chair of chemistry at the Royal Patriotic Seminary, founded shortly before by the Royal Basque Economic Society of Friends of the Country.

The influence of Proust on Spanish chemistry did not translate into the formation of authentic disciples if we except Juan Manuel Munárriz, Lavoisier's translator.This is largely due to the fact that his listeners in Spain were not true professionals, but the same exquisite and enlightened social class that he himself frequented.This circumstance did not prevent him from publishing numerous works in Spain, such as the three notes inserted in the Excerpts of the General Meetings of the Basque Society of Friends of the Country (on heavy spar, cobalt and the composition of bile) and the books Investigations on Prussian blue (1794-1798), On metallic sulfates (1801), Investigations on copper tinning, tin ware and glaze (1803) and Compendium of different Chemistry observations (1806).

He also published the two volumes of the Annals of the Royal Laboratory of Chemistry of Segovia during his stay in this city, and years later, in 1799, he participated in the drafting from the Annals of Natural Sciences with Cristiano Herrgen, Domingo García Fernández and Antonio José Cavanilles.For his part, the research that Proust carried out in France appeared not only in specialized journals, such as Journal de Physique, Annales de Chimie et de Physique or Memoirs du Musée d'Histoire Naturelle, but also in volumes entitled Mémoire sur le sucre de raisin (1808), Recueil des memoires relatifs à la poudre à canou (1815), Sur l'existence vraisemblable du mercure dans les eaux de l ' Océan (1821) and Essai sur une des causes que peuvent en la formation du calcul (1824).

Comments

Domingo Fernández Navarrete Biography

Domingo Fernández Navarrete (Peñafiel, 1610-Santo Domingo, 1698) Spanish theologian and missionary.Dominico (1630), missionary in the Philippines (1646) and prefect of the Dominican missions in China (1664), took part in the Canton conference on Chinese rites (1668), in which he opposed the Jesuits.At his death, he was bishop of Santo Domingo.He wrote about the Chinese missions and religious writings in the Chinese language.

Angel Fole Biography

Ánxel Fole (Ánxel Fole Sánchez; Lugo, 1903-1986) Spanish narrator and playwright in Galician language.Belonging, along with Álvaro Cunqueiro and Rafael Dieste, to a generation of Galician writers trained before the Civil War, Fole chose not to go into exile after the war and was subjected to a total internal ostracism. Ánxel Fole He began studies of philosophy and letters and law in Valladolid and Madrid, but abandoned both careers.He began to publish in the Lugo newspaper La Provincia (1927) and later collaborated in El Pueblo Gallego, in which his first article in Galician (1934) would appear and began his journalistic series Andar y ver .During the Second Republic he intervened in politics; He was vice president of the Lugo Grouping of the Republican Party and later militated in the Galician Party.At the same time he directed the literary page of Guión, wrote in Resol and founded Yunque, magazines that disappeared at the beginning of the Civil War (1936-1939). In...

Edouard Balladur Biography

Édouard Balladur (Smyrna, 1929) French politician.Born in Smyrna into a family of bankers of Armenian origin, Édouard Balladur studied law at the University of Aix-en-Provence and graduated from the Institute of Political Studies in Paris. His political career began in the early 1960s.Technical adviser in Pompidou's cabinet from 1966 to 1968, the Prime Minister entrusted him with relations with the unions.Between 1969 and 1974 he was Secretary General to President Pompidou.Considered the shadow mastermind of that government, Balladur served as de facto president during Pompidou's long agony. After his death, he rejected the post of ambassador to the Vatican proposed by Valery Giscard d'Estaing and went on to work for a private company.In 1977 he was appointed president-director of General de Servicios Informáticos and in 1980, president of the European Accumulator Company.In 1984 he was appointed Councilor of State, and in the legislative elections of March 16, 198...

Edouard Manet Biography

Édouard Manet (Paris, 1832-id., 1883) French painter and printmaker.Son of an important civil servant of the Ministry of Justice, Édouard Manet was a mediocre student interested only in drawing.Faced with paternal resistance to starting an artistic career, he tried unsuccessfully to enter the Naval Academy until, after a second failed attempt, his family reluctantly agreed to finance his artistic studies, which began in 1850 in the workshop of the classical painter Thomas Couture. Édouard Manet After six years of apprenticeship, Édouard Manet established himself in his own studio.In those early days he established a relationship with artists and writers such as Henri Fantin-Latour, Edgar Degas and Charles Baudelaire.At the beginning of 1860 some of his works began to be recognized, which deserved, among others, the warm reception of the critic and writer Théophile Gautier. In his production at the end of the 1870s he accentuated the naturalism of his subject matter, to give th...

Álvaro de Albornoz Liminiana Biography

Álvaro de Albornoz Liminiana (Luarca, 1879-Mexico, 1954) Spanish politician and writer.In 1929, together with Marcelino Domingo, he intervened in the founding of the Radical Socialist Party.He was Minister of Development and Justice of the Second Republic and President of the Republican Government in exile (1945-1946).

Chaïm Perelman Biography

Chaïm Perelman (Warsaw, 1912) Belgian philosopher of Polish origin.Professor in Brussels, he has studied philosophical arguments ( Argument Treatise , in collaboration with L.Olbrechts, 1958).Other works to highlight are On the arbitrary in knowledge (1933) and Studies of legal logic (1966).

Edouard Mortier Biography

Édouard Mortier (Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, Duke of Treviso; Cateau-Cambrésis, 1768-Paris, 1835) French military.He entered the militia in 1791 and with the rank of Marshal of France (1805) he intervened with the Napoleonic armies in Spain, where he participated in the second siege of Zaragoza and obtained the victory of Ocaña (1809).After the Hundred Days, he recognized Louis XVIII.With Luis Felipe, he was President of the Council and Minister of War (1834).He died the victim of an attack suffered by King Luis Felipe.

Édouard Claparède Biography

Édouard Claparède (Geneva, 1873-1940) Swiss psychologist and pedagogue.After attending university studies in Switzerland, Germany and France, Édouard Claparède returned to his hometown, where he began his pedagogical career at the University of Geneva, where he became a professor at the Faculty of Psychology.In his theories, pedagogy and child psychology were consolidated in close relation, which led him to organize a seminar on Educational Psychology in 1906.Six years later, in 1912, he founded the Jean-Jacques Rousseau Institute, today the Institute of Sciences of The education. Édouard Claparède His work contributed greatly to making Geneva the center of modern European pedagogy.His main pedagogical concern was to achieve an active school, in which the need and interest of the child prevailed, achieving the creation of a school tailored to the student.For this he took the ideas and concepts of psychology to apply them to pedagogy; Thus, he proposed that teachers learn to obse...

Edward fitzgerald Biography

Edward Fitzgerald (Edward Purcell; Bredfield, 1809-Merton Rectory, Norfolk, 1883) English poet and translator.He is the author of the philosophical dialogue Euphranor (1851) and a Collection of apothegms and axioms (1852), but he is known, above all, for his adaptation of the Rubaiyat by the Persian poet Omar Jayyam (1859). Edward Fitzgerald Of aristocratic lineage, Edward Fitzgerald was educated at Trinity Cambridge College, where he befriended Alfred Tennyson (who dedicated his poem Tiresias to him), William Makepeace Thackeray, James Spedding and WB Donne, graduating in 1830; later he would study Spanish and Persian privately.He lived a lonely country lord existence in Suffolk, Woodbridge, or the surrounding area; He only moved from there on the occasion of a few periodic trips to London and alternated literary activity with gardening and yachting.An eccentric character, he was a brilliant correspondent and maintained a close literary relationship with Thomas Carlyle ...

Gregorio ferro Biography

Gregorio Ferro (Gregorio Ferro Requeijo; Santa María de Lamas, 1744-Madrid, 1812) Spanish painter.He was a chamber painter and general director of the Academia de San Fernando.His style is influenced by Mengs ( Sagrada Familia , The Count of Floridablanca ). Gregorio Ferro began painting techniques in Santiago de Compostela (La Coruña), under the tutelage of a Benedictine monk.He then moved to Madrid, where he was a disciple of Felipe de Castro, Corrado Giaquinto and Antonio Rafael Mengs, successively.He studied at the San Fernando Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid, and already in the 1760 Academy contest he won third prize, after Ramón Bayeu and Francisco de Goya, who won the first and second respectively. At the Academy of San Fernando he held the positions of lieutenant director (1788), director (1797) and director general (1804), and he was appointed chamber painter of Carlos IV.Little known but appreciable is his facet as an engraver and illustrator: he illustrated part of t...

History Today Online

Search This Blog