Mozart, who has never heard in his life part of the Weddings of Figaro or the Magic Flute , surely we have all heard them on more than one occasion.Mozart not only stood out for his precocity but also for his rebelliousness, he rejected patronage that would have allowed him to live comfortably, but no, his impulsive and eccentric character led him to live the life he wanted, outside the conventions of the time.In this article, we will investigate more in Mozart's life , his works, his fears and frustrations, intrigues and enemies.
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Mozart | His Childhood
His real name was Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart .He was born on January 27, 1756 in the Austrian city of Salzburg .
Leopold Mozart and Anna Maria Pertl f were the parents of seven children, of which only two Maria Anna and the youngest Wolfgang survived.The mother, Anna Maria , came from a wealthy family, while the father was a modest violinist and composer of the court of the prince archbishop of Salzburg.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his sister Maria Anne Mozart
Mozart grew up in a musical environment and more when his Father occupied the position of composer and vice-master of chapel in the court of the Prince Archbishop.
In a period in which Salzburg, began to recover from past wars, economic disasters that had diminished the capacity of e the city and where cultural life revolved around the prince's court.It is at this time that ideas illustrated begin to circulate in Europe, with their new conceptions.
Socially in the Salzburg of the mid-18th century, an emerging urban bourgeoisie begins to appear, still separated from the centers of power and influenced by the new illustrated currents of knowledge, the reason against superstition, for something the eighteenth century is the Age of Enlightenment.
Wolfgang's father, Leopold He wanted his children to be educated as musicians so they could contribute to the family economy and secure a salary within the court of the Prince Archbishop. Maria Anna, Wolfgang's sister, older than 5 years, was a virtuous girl , out of series, with only 10 years teaching piano, being a or of his students his own brother.
Mozart | An Early Child
Maria Anna was a child prodigy and her father put all his aspirations into her, not realizing that little Wolfgang with 3 years remained stunned to his sister's classes, or that he exercised his fingers with a harpsichord.
When Leopold took over the musical education of his children personally, it was when he discovered that he not only had a virtuous daughter, but that little Wolfgang was able to read the musical notes with total ease and was even able to play minues.
First compositions of Mozart nino
The little Mozart was able to memorize melodies that he heard in the church and repeat them on his return home.day, Leopold going over his daughter Maria Anna's notebook, discovered astonished the first compositions of his son Wolfgang, with his bad childish writing, full of smudges, but perfectly you developed.
From here it was when Leopold dedicated himself to his son in body and soul, aware of the potential of the little genius he had at home.
With a father full of pride at the genius of his two children, he decided to introduce them to the world visiting all European courts, not only to increase their pride with the praises of those who listened to children, but in search of patrons to ensure the future of their children.
Mozart | Youth
Wolfgang was a person who constantly demanded affection, especially the affection of his mother, who I accompany him on all his tours.
The character of the young Mozart was eccentric, crazy, thoughtless and cheerful, features that disappeared at the time he picked up a musical instrument, where he became Seriously, absorbed in music, letting his feelings flow through his fingers, and even insulting if he was interrupted by some noise coming from the room.
Mozart was a child without childhood, at five years old he was working with his father, on constant tours.He could not have relations with other children, he had no friends of his age since the only deal he had was with adults.
His mother Anna Maria Pertl
A child treated like an adult, with twelve years was considered a concert expert , admired and loved throughout Europe.The young Mozart never had rules, lived his life as he wanted, traveled and liked the variety.He had never needed to drink decisions, for that was his father, who was in charge of contracts, concerts, the pieces that had to be played and when.
Mozart lived a teenage season full of parties, got used to fame and to be the center of attention.A man who came to compose an average of four pieces a month, always thinking of new melodies.Works that were well paid but, he had never been responsible for anything and knew how to manage.
He lived a day, spending what he had at parties, however he died poorly in 1791, at the age of 35, leaving us for our delight more than 600 works of excellent quality.
Mozart | His Musical Facet
After his tour of the Eropean courts, his return to Salzburg was triumphant.The city took Mozart as my own and I contract him to musicalize the local festivities.But soon I notice the low salaries assigned to him.Worse, when the Archbishop Segismundo de Schrattenbach died, his protector, took his place the Count-Prince Hieronimus Colloredo , authoritarian and rigid character that will make his life impossible.
Mozart I travel several times in Italy, visiting Rome, Florence and other mecca of peninsular art.This substantially influenced the symphonies , overtures and the opera Lucio Silla that he created there.In the latter, an approach to the romanticism of the literary movement Sturm und Drang (in English «storm eimpetu»).
On one of his many European trips his mother dies while accompanying him ( 1778 ) The anguish of grief must live it in a total state of uncertainty in the face of its economic situation.None of the courts and personalities acclaimed him, offered him honorable fees, according to the proud compositor.
At this stage of his life, Mozart pawns some of his things to pay off personal debts.To make matters worse-and this will be a significant note in the Mozart biography- Colloredo , his employer in Salzburg , treated him as one more in his servant court.He ended up kicking him with a kick in the butt kicked by one of his assistants.
The Mozart family after Anna Maria's death
Mozart then decided to be a musician you come , and his rebellion introduces what many will imitate later: not relying on a patron or patron .Corria 1781 , he said only twenty-five years old, and he had himself as the only sustainer.Once in Vienna , he stayed on the second floor of the Weber family, which he had met on previous trips.
To live I teach classes for some nobles, and I give concerts and opera that were, without a doubt, the most significant source of their resources.The family atmosphere made him happy , especially the daughters of the lady, which resulted in her crush on Constance Weber .It is necessary to emphasize that, in those Viennese years, he developed his most important works.
Constance Weber
Indeed, Mozart there wrote The Rapture of the Serrallo , works with part of the recited and not sung text, as the zarzuela in Spain .Also the symphonies that go from the number 36 , Linz Symphony , until the final trilogy, which takes the numbers 39, 40 and 41 , made in the summer of 1788.
In the works of Mozart you can already see an expressive intensity considered a foretaste of the romantic spirit that stands out among the composers of the following century.He also writes Don Juan and The flute magic , in whose presentations popular success is reiterated.
The Magic Flute
He will face his rising prestige Antonio Salieri , enemy of Mozart , who is also credited with a story never proven poisoning.The rivalry is proven, something understandable between two musicians competing for the favors of the imperial court.
His best friend was Joseph Haydn , «Pope Haydn» for Mozart , whose « Russian string quartets » inspired him to create a series of six dedicated to I elaborate concerts for piano , violin , corno , clarinet and others, leaving the foundations of the classical composition style .
In fact, in another sea Fundamental of the Mozart Biography , in Vienna he writes fourteen of the twenty-three concerts that he dedicated to the keyboard in his entire life.
Requiem
While enjoying this recognition of the Viennese, I approach the Mass of Requiem , commissioned by Count Franz de Walsegg to display it as his own.Injured by the circumstances of the commission, the musician imagined that the matter of Requiem is its own ending and has been poisoned.
With his head resting on the wall of his room and the handwritten score of Requiem unfinished on the bed, death reaches it on December 5, 1791 . Mozart was thirty-five years old, and left us more than six hundred works ...
Mozart | The most important works of Mozart
It is difficult to choose the best works of a music genius as few have existed in history, even more so if in their scarce 35 years of life He wrote more than 620 works .Mozart was possessed by a true creative fury, no doubt, and had an unusual talent.Choosing a few of his works based on their quality would be very difficult ( and all a daring on my part), so we settle for a review of his most important works.
Without a doubt, one of them is the Piano Concerto No.24 in C minor , premiered in 1786.The work consists of three movements and a total duration of 30 minutes.It is considered one of the most mature and best assembled works of Mozart and greatly marked the careers of other great composers such as Ludwig Van Beethoven.
Another of the best works Mozart is the opera Don Giovanni , a mixture of comedy, drama and supernatural themes that premiered in 1787.Don Giovanni is on the list of the best operas of all time along with others of the composer's works We can't help recommending: Figaro's weddings and The magic flute .
The Marriage of Figaro
Lastly, to cite only three and not eternalize praising his talent (you can see more interesting works in the previous epigraph), we want to cite the symphony No.40 , besides being a majestic work, for being one of the few symphonies that Mozart wrote in tone minor.It was released in 1788, during the period of greater success and activity of the composer.
Mozart | The Death of Mozart
Mozart died in 1791 at the age of 35 years and, like so many other geniuses, they did not have exactly the happiest and most pleasant days or the most desired death.
The same day of his death Mozart worked on his unfinished work Requiem
The last years in Mozart's life were marked by the great economic difficulties that forced him and his family to move out of the house and ask for loans continuously.This situation was due, on the one hand, for the taste of the public towards a more hardened and sound type of interpreter instead of the traditional Viennese delicacy of Mozart.
On the other hand, to the consequences of the war between Austria and Turkey, that greatly undermined the purchasing power of the aristocracy, major supporters and income focus of artists like Mozart.when Mozart composed his last three symphonies, 39, 40 and 41.
Last symphony
It was in his last year of life when Mozart seemed to recover his creative fury and the fondness of the public, although only to a certain extent.Finally, he died in 1791 for causes that even today in days they have not been very clear.
In the last year of his life Mozart was afflicted by terrible stomach pains.The artist himself pointed out that someone had poisoned him, in fact this is one of the hypotheses about his death most common, mercury poisoning .
Tomb of Mozart
In November of 1791 s he suffers an acute attack that prostrates him in bed.He is already in poor condition, he is visited by a doctor at his house who advises to put gauze cold to lower the fever.Constance woman did not agree with that decision. Mozart then went into shock due to the sudden drop in body temperature, a shock he would never wake up from.
He was buried in a community grave and his funeral was discreet, at least much more discreet than one would expect for one of the greatest musical geniuses in history.
Mozart | The personality of Mozart
He also showed his taste for eschatological humor in music, since he came to compose some works in that tone, such as the Leck mich im Arsch , which in German means " Lick my ass ", a 6-voice canon whose music was composed by Mozart while the author of the lyrics is unknown.It is believed to be a work composed for the enjoyment of friends in the private sphere.
This Mozart hobby has often been used for the eschatological p To point out that the composer possessed the Tourette syndrome , which consists of a nervous affectation that causes tics and exaltation of bad words.
The hobby and affection that Mozart felt was also known.for the animals .Throughout your life you had dogs, a canary, a starling and even a horse.
In this video you can see a complete representation of the opera "The flute magic ", one of the most emblematic works of the Austrian composer and one of the most famous operas in history.
* ¿ Do you want to know more about the life of some of the most important characters in the humanity ?
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