In the history of Africa, one of the most significant moments and periods was that of Apartheid, and that consisted of a racial segregation lived in the twentieth century that lasted until the early 90s in South Africa.
It is hard to believe that in a country like Africa , and specifically in Sufafrica , the colonialism of the first white powers, will end up in a period of segregation in which the black population barely had rights and that I ended up separating them from everything.
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How it was born and what is Apartheid:
- In the mid-twentieth century and although the black population was mostly over the white, appears what we know as Apartheid , derived in fact from a certain white supremacy that had been imposed since the beginning of this Century (In fact in 1910 only the whites could access the Parliament and a 1913 law on indigenous lands limited the land that could be in the hands of blacks to 21 million acres.
- This word is translated from African languages as separation, since the whites who lived in the South African colonies imposed themselves and in fact managed to divide the population of whites and blacks.The black population lived discriminated, in a political, economic, social and racial way.
- The whites ended up dividing the population into three racial groups: whites, bantues or blacks and of color or mestizos.Later adding the Hindus and Pakistanies as another category.
- In this way the whites managed to impose a hierarchy in which their race dominated the rest not only in the aforementioned rights, but also on the geographical level, through the forced creation of reserved territories: the Bantustans , where they limited the black population and which I also did not consider as a population that was South Africa although I lost even the citizenship.
- Nothing was the same for blacks and whites.Blacks had to even take a primer that was requested every time the police stopped them if they wanted to.
- Education for the black population was also different, in fact it was of a lower level and not all black children could attend the school due to the low economic resources that were available.There was a university "for blacks", that of Fort Hare , where I study Nelson Mandela, and that was without No doubt the great leader and activist against this situation, and with others like Steve Biko (who died assassinated in 1977).
- Mandela He was imprisoned for 27 years, and was president from 1994 to 1999.
Reaccio International Apartheid:
- This situation of discrimination led the country to be subject to criticism in the international arena, in addition to giving rise to various economic and isolation sanctions by many countries and ratified by international bodies.As an example, it is worth mentioning the prohibition of South Africa participating in the Olympic Games of Munich in 1972.
- Fruit of this international discrimination South Africa began to apply what is known as "separate development," so blacks were assigned poor newly created areas that were destined to become insignificant states in the future, while the white population maintained control over more than 80 % of the country thanks to mining.
- The situation led to hard confrontations between the population, especially in interior areas since cities like Moscow will collaborate in this situation by arming Angola and Mozambique , countries whose pro-Soviet governments faced guerrillas subsidized by West and supported by South Africa.
- In order to the Cold War , precipitates the end of Apartheid, also led to the rise to power of President Frederik de Klerk , who after several negotiations with representatives of the communities of the country ended the racist regime in June 1991, allowing the black population to recover their rights.
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