Enrique Lister Biography

Enrique Líster

(Ameneiro, 1907-Madrid, 1994) Spanish politician and military.He followed the military courses of the famous Frunze Military Academy in the USSR (1932-1935).When the Civil War broke out, in 1936, he was part of the popular army, participating in the defense of Madrid as commander of the V Regiment.He was in command of the division that bore his name and the V Army Corps.

After the war he went into exile in Moscow, entered the Frunze Military Academy again and obtained the rank of general of the Soviet Army.With this rank, and with those of general of the Polish and Yugoslav Armies, he intervened against the Germans in World War II.He became a Russian national, under the name Vissiaranovich Lisevski, and was sent to France.In this country he lived from 1945 to 1951; At that time he was in charge of regrouping the ex-combatants of the Spanish Civil War who resided in France, firstly under the popular name of guerrillas and later, with a military character, with that of the Spanish Republican Armed Forces; participated in the organization of the maquis against Spain.During his stay in France he was arrested twice, in 1948 and in 1949.From here he went to Czechoslovakia, where he lived until 1956.

In 1970 he broke with Santiago Carrillo, who had the support of the majority in the Executive Committee of the PCE, from which Líster is expelled; The split was thus consummated, initiated with the invasion of Prague by Soviet troops.Líster then founded the Spanish Communist Workers Party (PCOE).In April 1976, Líster announced the merger of the PCOE with the left-wing opposition of the PCE (OPI).On August 4, 1976, after the decree-law on amnesty was published, Líster applied for a passport at the Spanish Consulate in Paris and in September 1977, he submitted a request for permission to settle in Spain at said consulate.

In 1977 he published the book Memories of a fighter , which raised a great controversy, since part of it is a harsh criticism of the performance of Santiago Carrillo during the Civil War.A year later, he published his book Basta in Spain, which had circulated in our country five years earlier, but clandestinely.This work was written after being forbidden to intervene, in August 1970, in a meeting of the Central Committee of the PCE, held in Paris.In April 1986, the PCOE decided in its Congress the dissolution of the organization and its integration into the Communist Party of Spain.Enrique Líster was a member of said Central Committee with voice, but without vote.In 1988, he was reelected, in the XII Congress of the PCE, a member of the Central Committee of said party.

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