Guillermo Manuel Ungo Biography

Guillermo Manuel Ungo

(San Salvador, 1928-Mexico, 1991) Salvadoran politician who was president of the Revolutionary Democratic Front of El Salvador (FDR) and secretary general of the National Revolutionary Movement.The son of a printer, he took some courses in Graphic Arts at an institute in Pennsylvania, United States.

After leaving them, he returned to his country and entered the Faculty of Law.He received a doctorate in Jurisprudence and Social Sciences from the University of El Salvador and his graduation thesis obtained the gold medal.He worked as a lawyer and university professor, and was president of the Center for Legal Studies, director of the José Simeón Canas Research Institute of the Central American University and head of the Procedural Law department of the University of El Salvador.

In 1968 he founded the National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) party, a social-democratic political formation of which, in 1970, he was appointed secretary general.The MNR has been attached to the Socialist International since 1978, of which Ungo was one of its vice-presidents.In 1972, the party led by Ungo participated in the Salvadoran presidential elections, integrated into the National Opposition Union (UNO), together with the Christian Democrats and the Nationalist Democratic Union (UDN).On that occasion, the Secretary General of the MNR was running as a candidate for the Vice Presidency of the Republic.That same year, Ungo had to go into exile for the first time after the fraud registered in the elections.

He returned to El Salvador in 1979, and on October 17 he became a member of the Governing Board that led the country after the coup d'état by the young officers against the dictator Humberto Romero.However, Guillermo Ungo only remained four months in this position, from which he resigned on January 3, 1980 to go into exile in Panama due to pressure from the high military hierarchy.

The National Revolutionary Movement was integrated in April 1980 into the Revolutionary Democratic Front, a political platform that brought together a score of Salvadoran organizations that fought for social change in the country and that was politically allied to the Farabundo Front Martí of National Liberation (FMLN).Ungo was appointed president of the Democratic Front in December 1980 and since then he shared influence with Rubén Zamora, leader of the Popular Social Christian Movement and vice president of the FDR.

In November 1987 he returned to El Salvador, after seven years in exile, under the Esquipulas II agreement.Once in the country, he came into contact with the rest of the national political formations; Then the so-called Democratic Convergence was established together with the Popular Social Christian Movement and the Social Democratic Party (PSD), led by Mario Reni Roldán.In the presidential elections of March 19, 1989, Guillermo Ungo headed the Democratic Convergence.In the elections, this left-wing alliance reached only 3.4 percent of the vote.Since then he has led the democratic opposition against the Government of Alfredo Cristiani.On February 28, 1991, he died of a cerebral embolism, after a month of medical treatment at the Spanish hospital in Mexico City.

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