Joseph goldberger Biography

Joseph Goldberger

(Girâlt, 1874-Washington, 1929) American bacteriologist of Hungarian origin who demonstrated the non-contagious nature of pellagra.This disease appeared in the United States at the end of the 19th century and spread among humble populations, in which it caused the death of thousands of people.The symptoms consisted of a type of dermatitis characterized by redness accompanied by blisters and pustules, diarrhea, stomach ailments, paralysis and seizures, which in many cases led to dementia or suicide.

In 1914 the The Public Health Service commissioned Goldberger to investigate the causes that produced it.Once the investigations were carried out, he concluded that it was a deficiency state caused by a lack of vitamin PP (nicotinamide), which is found in meat, eggs and some vegetables.In his tests he came to inject himself with secretions from patients that, by not developing in his body, showed the truth of his hypothesis.It also found that in the regions where pellagra struck, the population ate mainly corn and pork.

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Phoenician numbers

In History Today Online we explained in a previous post which were the Arabic numerals, but the truth is that they are not the only ones, and although somewhat complicated to understand, the truth is that the Phoenician numbers are perhaps much more difficult.In History Today Online we talk to you now of which are the Phoenician numbers. The Phoenicians also known as Canaanites, although they were a civilization that occupied a region called Canaan and was a territory that currently encompasses Israel, Syria and Lebanon.They always stood out for their art, closely linked to the different Mediterranean influences and as not for an alphabet that they created and that is in fact the origin of the alphabet that we know today, they also had a numerical system and that we tried to decipher below. The Phoenician Numbers: The main basis of the Phoenician numbers, are the angles and the stripes since these are the base they used to create the different numbers.Depending on how e...

Camilo Torres Restrepo Biography

Camilo Torres Restrepo (Jorge Camilo Torres Restrepo; Bogotá, 1929-San Vicente de Chucurí, Santander, 1966) Priest and Colombian guerrilla.After being ordained a priest in 1954 and completing his training with sociology studies in Belgium (1954-1959), he participated in the founding of the Faculty of Sociology of the National University of Colombia, where he taught between 1959 and 1962. Camilo Torres Restrepo Worried since his youth about deep social inequalities, the charismatic personality of Camilo Torres Restrepo, the coherence of his progressive message and his initiatives in favor of the classes most disadvantaged had made him, since his return to the country, a figure of great relevance.The expulsion from the university (1962) increased its public projection and marked the beginning of an approach to revolutionary positions, which culminated in the abandonment of the priesthood and the incorporation of the National Liberation Army into the guerrilla (1965).Since then cal...

Elmer Verner Maccollum Biography

Elmer Verner Maccollum (Redfield, 1879-Baltimore, 1967) American biochemist and biologist who made fundamental contributions in the field of dietetics, especially on the types of vitamins.He began studying at the University of Kansas, where he graduated in 1903.Later, he entered Yale University, where he received his doctorate in 1906.Between 1907 and 1927 he was Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin (1907-27) and in the period 1917-1944 at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, an institution that, upon retirement, appointed him Honorary Professor. In his first investigations he tried to find a diet based on the mixture of simple substances, but he was unsuccessful in his experiments with animals despite enriching the flavor of the food in case this was what failed.He continued the work of the Nobel laureates Christiaan Eijkman-discoverer of the first vitamin, thiamine or B1-and Frederick Hopkins, as well as Casimir Funk, on the different types of substances pr...

Johann sebastian Biography

Johann Sebastiani (Weimar, 1622-Königsberg, 1683) German composer.Formed probably in Italy, he settled in Königsberg, where he served as the master of the court and elector's chapel.He is the author of numerous lieder and a Passion according to Saint Matthew (1663).

History school work according to course

History is undoubtedly one of the most exciting school subjects of all that you can have in school, although sometimes it may seem boring, but the truth is that the best way to understand and learn it will be to do jobs of the subjects that they teach you.That is why we will dedicate the next days to analyze each of these works depending on the course. Although in science subjects, for example, school work is sent according to each course , in the one of the history does the same and in this way by the end of secondary education and you will know what is the origin of our civilization and the historical events that have marked it. Index of the article History school work according to the course Depending on the course you attend, and after 1º ESO, you will work Low history will be more related to the ancient or contemporary era, and being also in the last year of high school when a more extensive syllabus is taught in relation to the history of Spain.That is why we have d...

Jean Charles Peltier Biography

Jean Charles Peltier (Ham, France, 1785-Paris, 1845) French physicist.Watchmaker by profession, Jean Peltier left his trade when he was thirty years old, to dedicate himself fully to scientific research in the field of electricity. Jean Peltier In 1834 he discovered that when an electric current circulates through a conductor made up of two different metals, joined by a weld, the latter heats up or cools down according to the direction of the current (Peltier effect).This effect, which would be confirmed by the famous Russian physicist Heinrich Lenz, led to research by James Prescott Joule and William Thomson on analogous thermoelectric phenomena and has been of great importance in the recent development of non-polluting cooling mechanisms. Peltier is also owed the introduction of the concept of electrostatic induction (1840), referred to the modification of the distribution of electric charge in a material, under the influence of a second object close to it and that has an el...

Elsa triolet Biography

Elsa Triolet (Moscow, 1896-Saint-Arnoult-en-Yvelines, Yvelines, 1970) French writer of Russian origin.Mayakovsky's sister-in-law.He resided in Berlin (1927).His works include Good afternoon Teresa (1938), The first slip costs two hundred francs (1944, Goncourt prize), The sorrel horse (1953 ), The appointment of foreigners (1956) and The nylon age (1959-1963).

Jose Rizal Biography

José Rizal (José Rizal y Alonso; Calamba, Philippines, 1861-Manila, 1896) Filipino politician and writer.He began his university studies with the Jesuits in Manila, and in 1882 he entered the University of Madrid, from which he graduated in medicine and in philosophy and letters.During a trip to Europe he wrote Noli me tangere , an anti-colonial novel in which he denounced the abuses of the Spanish Administration in the Philippines, where its publication was prohibited.Rizal, whose political militancy had begun in the university cloister, was strongly opposed to the inordinate power of the Spanish Catholic Orders.In this sense, his work El filibusterismo summed up his nationalist ideology, which he later spread through the Philippine League, a secret society he founded in Hong Kong. Thanks to a government opening, in 1887 he was able to return to his homeland, but the close police surveillance to which he was subjected forced him to leave the following year.He returned in 1892,...

James tissot Biography

James Tissot (Joseph Jacques Tissot; Nantes, 1836-Bouillon, 1902) French painter.A disciple of Lamotte and Flandrin, James Tissot had his first success in 1861 with the painting Faust and Margarita , which was acquired by the State. He participated in the war of 1870-1871, and after it he settled in London, where his work soon acquired prestige.At the same time he dedicated himself to engraving, working alongside Seymour Haden; also in this genre he would achieve recognition. Tranquility (c.1881), by James Tissot A radical change to him it would lead to illustrate the life of Jesus Christ.To do this he moved to Palestine, where he resided for ten years.The result was 350 watercolors inspired by the gospels, of great realism, that were exhibited in Paris and London. Later he shut himself up in the abbey of Nouillon to prepare a similar work on the Old Testament, but death prevented him from completing the project.Among his most important paintings are The appointment on t...

Alejandro Malaspina Biography

Alejandro Malaspina (Palermo, present-day Italy, 1754-Pontremoli, id., 1809) Italian sailor in the service of the Spanish Crown.He distinguished himself in various naval operations against England, after which he was promoted to lieutenant (1780).In 1789 he led a scientific expedition commanded by the Corvettes Discovered and Daring with the aim of circumnavigating the globe, taking on board important scientific personalities and a good number of expert cartoonists.In the course of it he traveled the American coasts of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and the western ones from Tierra del Fuego to Alaska, as well as the Philippines and some archipelagos of Oceania, to finally return in September 1794.However, Malaspina fell from grace and, in November 1795, was accused by Manuel Godoy of revolutionary and conspirator and sentenced to ten years in prison.In 1803 he was exiled to Italy, where he died.

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