Duke of Angouleme Biography

Duke of Angouleme

(Luis Antonio de Borbón, Duke of Angouleme; Versailles, 1775-Gorizia, Venice, 1844) French prince and general, exponent of the most reactionary tendencies of the Restoration.He was the first-born son of the Duke of Artois (the future Carlos X), whom he accompanied into exile at the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789.Ten years later he married his cousin María Teresa Carlota (only daughter of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette), which had been liberated by the revolutionaries in 1795.

Duke of Angouleme

Both returned to Paris after the defeat of Napoleon and the restoration of the Bourbons on the throne in the person of his uncle, Louis XVIII (1814).Since then they were part of the ultra-realistic faction that advocated the complete restoration of the Old Regime.

In 1823 he was put in charge of the expedition called the "Hundred thousand sons of San Luis", destined to end the liberal regime established in Spain since 1820 and return absolute power to Fernando VII.This expedition took place at the initiative of Minister Chateaubriand and within the framework of the Holy Alliance established between the European monarchs to ward off the revolutionary threats; the decision to put a prince of the royal family in charge was part of the multiple precautions taken to avoid a repetition of a popular rejection like the one that aroused the previous French invasion of Spain, in the time of Napoleon (1808).

When Carlos X acceded to the throne in 1824, Angouleme was named dolphin (heir); and when he was dethroned by a new revolution, in 1830, the son followed him into exile, renouncing his rights to the crown in favor of his nephew (the Duke of Bordeaux) and availing himself of the protection of Austria until his death.

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