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Eduardo Dato Biography

Eduardo Dato

(Eduardo Dato and Iradier; La Coruña, 1856-Madrid, 1921) Spanish politician.This prestigious Madrid lawyer (who advised, for example, the Rothschilds) entered politics with the Conservative Party.After a long parliamentary career (in which he stood out for his oratorical skills) he acquired prominence in 1886-88, when he faced the founder of the party, Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, following Romero Robledo by reproaching him for having ceded power to the Liberals after the death of Alfonso XII.

Eduardo Dato

Dato definitively broke with Cánovas by following the dissident Francisco Silvela in 1895; under his presidency he was Minister of the Interior (1899-1900) and of Grace and Justice (1902-03).Later he held lesser positions, such as mayor of Madrid or president of Congress, while the leadership of the conservatives fell to Antonio Maura.

His moment came when Alfonso XIII's aversion to Maura made him look for another conservative leader to form a government, entrusting the task to Dato (1913-15) and thus causing the split of the «maurismo».President of the government at the outbreak of the First World War (1914), he managed to maintain Spanish neutrality.Then he formed another shorter cabinet in 1917, which fell to the corporatist movement of the military Defense Boards, a revolutionary general strike, and the democratic demands of the Catalanists and reformists gathered in the Assembly of Parliamentarians.

In the National Government of concentration chaired by Maura in 1918 he held the State portfolio.And he returned to the Presidency of the Council in 1920-21, a period of strong worker unrest, which he tried to calm by promoting social legislation (for which he created the Ministry of Labor); but it failed to stop the spiral of terrorism and repression, especially in Barcelona.He was assassinated by three Catalan anarchists when he was returning from the Senate.

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