Skip to main content

Jan Morris Biography

Jan Morris

(Clevedon, Somerset, 1926) British writer, journalist and traveler of wide international recognition.In addition to a lavish career in literature, she was a military man and a war correspondent, and her innumerable journeys, which she transferred to her books, led her to the summit of Everest.

Jan Morris was born a boy, and his His parents named him James Humphrey Morris.From a very young age, and as she has explained numerous times, she felt "a woman trapped in the wrong body." He studied at Lancing College in Sussex.As a teenager, he showed that he was interested in journalism and worked for Bristol's Western Daily News.

Jan Morris

At that time he experienced the outbreak World War II.He decided to enlist and entered the prestigious British Military Academy at Sandhurst.There he graduated as an intelligence officer and joined active duty in the final moments of the war.At that time James was posted to Palestine (under Great Britain during those years) and Italy.Her years as a soldier were hard, since there she had to hide that she felt like a woman.As he has defined on occasion, "I felt like a spy in a polite enemy camp." But his stay in the army awakened his traveling instinct when he visited various parts of the world with his regiment, such as the Middle East, Malta or Austria.

He remained in the army until 1949.He then entered Oxford to study philology English and returned to journalistic work by participating as editor of the student magazine.That same year he married Elizabeth Tuckniss, with whom he would have five children (one of them would die shortly after birth) and with whom he has shared his entire life since then, although by law they are divorced.

After finalizing his studies at Oxford, Morris went to work for the prestigious newspaper The Times.The newspaper sent him to cover John Hunt's expedition to Everest, and Morris scored one of the great exclusives of the 20th century when he announced the crowning of the summit in 1953.After this professional success, he worked for a season at The Guardian.During these years, and taking advantage of his experience as a correspondent, he began to write the first essays and travel books, such as The Market in Seleukia or Coronation Everest .At that time, he met such influential figures as Che Guevara, the Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal or the Sultan of Oman, while covering notable events such as the trial of Nazi leader Adolf Eichmann in 1961.

But in the mid-1960s he abandoned his journalism career, since he considered that he had taken all the juice, and decided to dedicate himself fully to writing books.He had achieved great critical success with the travel book Venice , for which he received the Heinemann Prize.Morris has always said that the city of canals is one of his favorite places to travel, he considers it a city "with thousands of images to crystallize" and has always surrendered to its melancholic air of an old empire.

Another of his great works on travel was Cities , published in 1963 and which included numerous articles published in various magazines and newspapers such as Rolling Stone or The New York Times.In 1964 he published a travel book in Spain, after having traveled the whole country with his wife and one of their children in a van.They were also the years when he finally decided to feel good about himself and perform the long-awaited sex change.

Morris faced the challenge of changing sex as he took off in his literary career.He began estrogen hormone treatment in the late 1960s and received the unconditional support of his wife.Meanwhile, he also began writing the Pax Británica trilogy, a historical essay on the rise and fall of the British Empire.Its three parts were published in 1968, 1973 and 1978, respectively.

In 1972 he was able to undergo the sex change operation.He had to do it in Casablanca, Morocco, since British doctors advised him against doing it as long as he did not break the relationship with his partner.But Morris refused to do so, since the relationship between the two was very good, and he has always appreciated the support he received from Elizabeth.James Morris contacted the French surgeon George Burou, a renowned expert in the field, and agreed to carry out the operation.Despite the harshness of the intervention, which Morris herself defined as a bloody rape, she finally had the body she had wanted from so young.He changed his name to Jan.

He would relate these experiences in a moving autobiographical book: Conundrum (The Enigma, 1974).His visit to Casablanca, he said, was like visiting a magician: "I saw myself as a fairy tale character about to be transformed.From duck to swan? From toad to prince? It was more magical than any of the those transformations, I answered myself: from man to woman.That was the last city I would see as a man." However, not everyone would welcome the autobiographical story he explained, including some literary critics.

Despite these moments of misunderstanding, Morris managed to recover and continued to write.In the 1970s he continued with his travel stories, among which Places stands out, a compilation of essays on places as different and interesting as India, Ireland, Malta, Capri and Fiji.He also continued his passion for Venice and in 1980 he published The Venetian Empire , a review of the splendid past of the Italian city, which Morris is so fascinated by.The 1980s brought him one of the moments of greatest literary creativity.She published Wales: The First Place (1982) and The Matter of Wales (1984) about her beloved homeland, of which she has always been so proud.

In 1985 he made the leap to the novel, but without losing sight of his traveling spirit.On that date he published Last Letters from Hav , in which he recreated an imaginary city, Hav, which brought together characteristics of the various places he had visited throughout his life and through which the imagination of the writer paraded historical figures as diverse as Marco Polo or Adolf Hitler.Twenty-one years later he published a second novel also dedicated to this imaginary place: Hav .

History was always a constant in Morris's literary production, and on numerous occasions it coexisted with travel stories.A good example of this fusion is Destinations (1980), a work in which he travels to places in moments of special relevance, such as Washington during Watergate or Cairo during the peace talks between Israelis and Egyptians..Eight years later he published Hong Kong , where he once again showed his interest in the imperial sunsets, by describing the atmosphere of the Asian city when the British presence was nearing its end.

On more purely historical grounds, he published a biography of Admiral Lord Fisher, creator of modern battleships for the Royal Navy, a character that Morris has always admired because "he did not care what others thought of him, he was brilliant at his craft., iconoclastic and self-centered, the brightest personality in the British navy since Lord Nelson." He also dedicated a biography to American President Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln: A Foreigner Quest .

From the late 1990s, Morris cultivated his passion for his native Wales and its culture and He was recognized by his compatriots, with individual doctorates honoris causa by the universities of Wales and Glamorgan.At times she defined herself as a republican and a Welsh nationalist.In 2002 he published A Writer's House in Wales , where he explained his decision to live in the country house of his ancestors and reflected on the meaning of being Welsh.In 2007 he published A written world , an autobiography through prints collected during half a century as part of his travels around the world.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Giambattista Tiepolo Biography

Giambattista Tiepolo (Giambattista or Giovanni Battista Tiepolo; Venice, 1696-Madrid, 1770) Italian painter.He studied the works of Sebastiano Ricci, Veronese and Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, and imitated the chromaticism, with its violent chiaroscuro effects, of the latter.In his early ceiling paintings (Archinti and Dugnani palaces in Milan) he reaffirmed his decorative talent, based on architectural perspectives, trompe-l'oeil paintings and moving crowds. His first important work, the decorative cycle of the archiepiscopal palace of Udine (1727-1728), composed of biblical narratives, already denotes in the conformation of the figures (of great naturalism) and in the composition of the same contributions from the artist himself, although certain influences from Sebastiano Ricci and Veronese are still detected. Feast of Antony and Cleopatra (c.1743), by Tiepolo In Milan he worked in the Clerici Palace; in Venice he did it in the Scalzi church and in the Labia palace.The...

Alexandr Izvolski Biography

Alexandr Izvolski (Moscow, 1856-Paris, 1919) Russian politician and diplomat, main architect of the alliance between Russia and England in the years before the First World War. Alexandr Izvolski Educated at the Imperial Lyceum in Saint Petersburg, he soon held important diplomatic posts: he was Russian ambassador to the Vatican, Yugoslavia, Germany, Japan and Denmark.Between 1906 and 1910 he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs; after that he was appointed ambassador to France. In 1907, Izvolski signed a pact that strengthened the alliance between France and England against Germany.Thanks to this pact, the British and the Russians divided Persia, which was divided into three zones of influence: a British, a Russian and a neutral zone between the two (Afghanistan was under the protection of Great Britain).This pact, together with the Franco-Russian alliance of 1890 and the Anglo-French agreement of 1904, formed the embryo of what would later become the Triple Entente. In Oct...

Anton Dohrn Biography

Anton Dohrn (Stettin, 1840-Munich, 1909) German zoologist.Raised in a bourgeois family, he carried out his studies in zoology at the German universities of Königsberg, Bonn, Jena and Berlin without much enthusiasm.This circumstance changed around 1862, when it landed in Jena; there Ernst Haeckel introduced him to the studies and theories of Charles Darwin.From that moment, Dohrn became a fervent admirer of the Darwinian theory of descent with modification, that is, the theory of evolution by natural selection.This is how he decided to dedicate his future life to collecting ideas and facts that supported the ideas of Darwinism. Anton Dohrn Dohrn obtained his doctorate in 1865, in Breslau, with a study on the anatomy of the hemiptera.Only three years later he obtained the authorization to teach at the University of Jena.As an embryologist he dealt mainly with insects and crustaceans, and sought to clarify their development from lower life forms, in accordance with Darwinian ideas....

Claudio Sánchez Albornoz Biography

Claudio Sánchez Albornoz (Madrid, 1893-Ávila, 1984) Spanish historian.He obtained a doctorate in Philosophy and Letters from the University of Madrid and won competitive examinations for the Faculty of Archives, Libraries and Museums.At the age of twenty-eight, he won the chair of History of Spain at the University of Barcelona, ​​from where he was soon transferred to Valladolid and, later, to Madrid.On January 11, 1932 he was appointed rector of the Central University of Madrid.His first historical works were carried out between 1911 and 1919, within the study of medieval institutions. Claudio Sánchez Albornoz Liberal and anti-communist democrat, Sánchez Albornoz gave himself to the cause of the Second Spanish Republic.Member of the Republican Action party, he was elected deputy in the first Parliament of the Second Republic, developing a great political activity during this stage.He held, among others, the positions of counselor of Public Instruction, vice president of the Cor...

Carmen Martin Gaite Biography

Carmen Martín Gaite (Salamanca, 1925-Madrid, 2000) Spanish writer.Considered one of the strongest values ​​in Spanish literature after the civil war, her works focus on the analysis of the relationships between the individual and the community. Graduated in Philosophy and Letters from the Salamanca University, she received her doctorate in Madrid with the thesis The loving uses of the Spanish 18th century .Her fellow students included Ignacio Aldecoa, whose work she would later study, and Agustín García Calvo.Occasional actress, her first works of literature and literary criticism were published in the Salamanca magazine Trabajos y Días. Carmen Martín Gaite In 1948, a At the age of twenty-five, he moved to Madrid, where he contacted young writers such as Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio (with whom he later married, in 1958), Jesús Fernández Santos, Josefina Rodríguez, Alfonso Sastre or Medardo Fraile, among others.Introduced into literary circles by her old college classmate, Ignacio ...

Carl Gustav Jung Biography

Carl Gustav Jung (Kesswill, 1875-Küssnacht, 1961) Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist.He studied medicine in Basel, and began his activity at the beginning of this century, in the psychiatric clinic of the University of Zurich, of which he was later medical director. Carl Gustav Jung After having followed in Paris, for a semester, the psychopathology courses given by Pierre Janet at la Salpêtrière (1902), He returned to Zurich, worked at the Burghölzli clinic under the guidance of Eugen Bleuler and carried out studies that soon made him famous ( Diagnostiche Assoziations-Studien , 1904-1906). In 1905 he was appointed a free professor of psychiatry.While he was still working in the last clinic mentioned, of which he had become chief physician, he met Sigmund Freud in 1907, with whom he began a fruitful collaboration.He was editor of the Jahrbuch für psychoanalytische und psychopathologische Forschungen , directed by Bleuler and Freud, and in 1911 he became president of the ne...

What is the true origin of Father's Day?

On March 19, Father's Day is celebrated, and although we know that in Spain this celebration occurs on this day because it coincides with the day of the death of San Jose, putative father of Jesus Christ, the truth is that the real origin is a completely different one, then What is the true origin of Father's Day? In Spain Father's Day is celebrated since the 50s , when, following a bell at the department store, Galerias Preciados, it was established that every March 19, it was decided to exalt with gifts to the parents (in 1948 there was already a previous celebration with Mass, gifts and performances in the school of the teacher Manuela Vicente Ferrero which was the first one that I celebrate this day), but it was not in our country where this celebration originated. It seems that the custom of celebrating Father's Day comes to us from the United States and was celebrated for the first time in the early twentieth century, when a young woman decided to ...

Sumerian astronomy and aliens

The Sumerians are famous for the great cultural advances that bequeathed, including their advanced knowledge of astronomy.Around them there is a polemic: self-development or intervention extraterrestrial ? We open the debate. Article index More than 5000 years ago There is a somewhat disturbing image created by the Sumerians 5000 years ago.As you know, the Sumerians were one of the most ancient human civilizations.They settled on the low Mesopotamia , were observant observers of nature, and the first to develop the writing . As for his worldview , frequently coincided with that of the Egyptians , whose culture was developing not far from theirs.Both cosmologies imagined a static world , where the predominant elements were heaven and earth , circled by the So ly la Luna.In that world, each town was thought of as the center of everything known, surrounded by the chaos of the foreigner. Sumerian astronomy The Sumerians , as well as the Maya or the Egyptia...

Gregory IX Biography

Gregory IX (Ugolino de Segni; Anagni, c .1170-Rome, 1241) Pope of the Catholic Church (1227-1241).Nephew of Pope Innocent III, he studied in Paris and Bologna and in 1206 he was appointed Cardinal Bishop of Ostia by his uncle.A man of notable legal scholarship, he defended with great energy the claims of power of the papacy and the freedom of the church, for which reason he came into conflict with Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen. Pope Gregory IX approves the Decretals (fresco by Rafael Sanzio) Already in 1227 he excommunicated Frederick II for failing to fulfill his promise to undertake a new crusade, and in 1229 ordered the invasion of the kingdom of Sicily.In 1230 he made peace with the emperor, although the struggle between the Church and the emperor continued.In 1239 he again excommunicated Federico II and decreed a crusade against him; the imperial troops were about to enter Rome when he passed away. During his pontificate, Gregory IX founded the Inquisition and, with ...