Skip to main content

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

Auschwitz -History, characteristics, location and exhibition.The Nazi Holocaust is one of the most terrible episodes in world history, although not eloquent.Today we will enter the history of Auschwitz, the countryside of concentration most famous for the tragedy that more than a million people lived there.

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

Index of the article

Auschwitz concentration camp

Before you start reading this article, I recommend that you start your poorest reading, « Nazism «, as it will allow you to place yourself correctly within this historical framework and the role of the Auschwitz concentration camp .How much more one immerses in this part of the story, in the mind human and the ability to reach extremes that seem unsuspected, more questions are generated.

In Ausch witz is the most famous concentration camp for the extermination of people and the rest of the events, tragic and terrible situations that were lived in this place.Today you can visit, as a piece of living history that remains there surviving the passage of time, as an imperishable reminder of the suffering that human beings can cause.

Characteristics of the Auschwitz concentration camp

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

It is understood by a concentration camp a fenced or bounded land where prisoners are detained who can be of different kind.In the case of the Nazi Germany , these types of concentration camps were carried out but they were differentiated between transit camp and prison, labor camp, concentration camp, concentration camp and extermination.

The co field The concentration of Auschwitz (Konzentrationslager Auschwitz) would be found within the latter category.It was a complex formed by different concentration camps, built in 1940, and which had three different concentration camps :

  • Auschwitz I: original field
  • Auschwitz II Birkenau: concentration and extermination camp
  • Auschwitz III Monowitz: work camp for a group of chemical companies united under the name IG Farben.

Specifically, Auschwitz is located in the Oświęcim population, which is about 43 km west of Krakow (Poland). 1,100 were carried out here.000 murders in a systematic and industrialized manner, between 1940 and 1945.One million of those people are considered Jewish, regardless of nationality, and 100,000 people were regime dissidents, prisoners of war, etc.At the time of murder there were no distinctions between children and adults, who died dehumanized .

It seems that it would have happened a long time ago, but the reality is that it is recent history.One of the things that most surprise and remove consciences is how it was possible that the world knew of its existence and let Nazism grow little by little, observing the rest of the countries what happened without anyone doing anything.Approximately, it is estimated that there were 6 million people killed in the Holocaust before the allied countries put an end to it.

History of Auschwitz

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

The Nazi concentration camps began to be built in 1933, in the case of the Auschwitz concentration camp it was inaugurated on May 20, 1940 and it was not until January 27 of 1945 when it was closed by the Soviet army.I get to occupy a territory of 4 0 square km .

Heinrich Himmler , senior officer and one of the main leaders of the Nazi Party, was the supervisor of the three three men who were leading This concentration camp: Rudolf Hoss, Arthur Liebehenschel and Richard Baer.

Auschwitz I

Auschwitz I, as we have indicated previously, was the original concentration camp, which I build from a barracon abandoned by the army Polish .

At first, the idea they had about this place was a concentration camp for 30,000 Polish prisoners, but then it was expanded to all levels, both in size and evolution instead of tortures, exterminations and forced labor .At the main entrance it read Arbeit macht frei , «work makes free».

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

The June 14, 1940 came the first transport of political prisoners to Auschwitz.Then, he was receiving all kinds of prisoners: common prisoners, homosexuals, Soviet prisoners of war, Jehovah's Witnesses...All those who were considered undesirable elements for the regime.

Punishments were taken held in block 11 , a room or cell of 1 square meter where 4 or 5 people were introduced at a time and s left there for days.In this same block the tests of the Zyklon B gas were also carried out, where more than 800 people died, so it seemed so granexito that they built the gas chamber and the crematorium.

In block 10 of Auschwitz experiments of sterilization to Jewish women were carried out, being on March 26, 1942 when the first woman arrived at said concentration camp.In 1943 I create a brothel camp in block 29, formed by Polish women selected by the guards and women who agreed to it in exchange for better food; all of them were used to reward prisoners with privileges.

The mortality rate was extremely high since they were not only directly killed, but gradually: malnutrition, forced labor, lack of hygiene.

Auschwitz II Birkenau

In the fall of 1941 the construction of the Auschwitz II complex began in Birkenau (3 km from the original), in order to become a space for extermination and annihilation of Jews .This is the area of ​​the concentration camp that everyone associates with the name of Auschwitz, since this place was intended to kill Jews and other prisoners.

For this, four crematoriums with gas chambers were built in an area of ​​2.5 km by 2 km.To give you an idea, in each crematorium they could enter a 2,500 people to be killed.This place became a mass extermination concentration camp, especially after 1943 after the Wannsee conference that only lasted 90 minutes and in it the solution to the Jewish question was decided.

In turn, the people who were there were also overcrowded, in 1944 they reached the 90,000 simultaneous prisoners housed in more than 300 barracks.

The guards made selection of the people who were going to die.These were taken to the gas chamber under the pretext that they were going to showering and receiving a disinfectant treatment , but what they received was not water but Zyclon B gas.

At the end of 1944, on November 24, the SS (Schutzstaffel-organization Nazi paramilitary) destroyed the gas chambers of Birkenau in order to prevent the Soviets from discovering their actions.A crude attempt to hide the Nazi tragedy.

Auschwitz III Monowitz

Auschwitz III is the third construction of the concentration camp, which began to be active in October 1942.It was designed as a field dedicated to forced labor in the service of IG Farben , a factory that was dedicated to the construction of synthetic rubber and liquid fuels.

Monowitz came to contain 12,000 prisoners , Jews and prisoners of war who received fair food to try to stay alive, even if weakened.These conditions, plus forced labor, made it habitual for them to die of hunger or exhaustion, so it was common for some prisoners will be replaced by others quite frequently.

In turn, medical work reviews were also made and those who were going to be sent to Auschwitz II to the gas chamber were selected .Although, as we mentioned before, it had been devised as a labor camp, it also led to a concentration camp and extermination.

Who releases the Jews

Auschwitz - History, characteristics, location and exhibition

In 1944 the beginning of the end begins, of a long and expected end that for many must have seemed impossible to imagine if it was not with his own death.It is at the end of this year when the Red Army , the Soviets, maintain an unstoppable offensive against Germany that leads them to act tried to eliminate all the evidence of the atrocities committed in Auschwitz.

Already on January 27, 1945 The liberation of this concentration and extermination camp takes place.Upon arrival they found famelic survivors, prisoners who had survived the death marches (between January 17 and 21 the prisoners were forced to walk towards the Reich, devoid of water and food, faint) and, no doubt, evidence of what had happened there.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Hernando Tellez Biography

Hernando Téllez (Santafé de Bogotá, 1908-1966) Colombian writer and journalist.From a very young age, he showed his journalistic skills, as a contributor to the magazine Universidad directed by Germán Arciniegas, and as an assistant to Enrique Santos in El Tiempo . He was also deputy director of El Liberal and director of the magazine Semana .During the period between 1943 and 1944 he served as Colombian consul in Marseille and senator of the Republic, but he stood out above all for being one of the most complete writers of his time (he was a translator, commentator, short story writer, essayist and literary critic ). In his extensive essay work he dealt with issues of literature, society, politics and everyday life.Téllez was a poet of the essay, as well as profound; He was a great craftsman of the language, a teacher in a sober and effective handling of the language.He was a sensitive observer of daily life, an acute critic of the social and political life of the country...
Post a Comment
Read more

Social classes in the Roman Empire: Patricios, Noble Commoners and Gentlemen Commoners

The Roman Empire has been one of the most powerful, extensive and important in the history of Humanity.Many peoples fell under the yoke of Rome, and today you can still admire the architectural remains of a civilization that reached a splendor almost absolute.However, in the Roman Empire there were great differences between the different strata that made up the society.Although from the oldest civilizations there were already different orders or "classes", today we focus on the different social classes in the Roman Empire: Patricios, Noble Commoners and Gentlemen Plebeians . Social classes in the Roman Empire The Roman civilization is one of the most complex societies of universal history.Given its long duration (since 8th century BC until the 5th century AD ) historians have divided the History of Rome into different historical periods: Monarchy, Republic of Empire .Today I propose you to enter the most splendid years of the Roman Empire ( sI and II BC .), ...
Post a Comment
Read more

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva Biography

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva (Santos, Brazil, 1763-Niteroi, id., 1838) Brazilian politician and scientist.He traveled through Europe dedicated to the study of mineralogy, and came into contact with the Enlightenment.In 1819, with an established prestige, he returned to Brazil and was involved in the decisive events that took place in the then colony.Member of the Freemasonry and close collaborator of the future Pedro I, he contributed to the preparation of the independence movement of 1822, which proclaimed Pedro I Emperor of Brazil.Later, and in view of the new political events that distanced him from the king, he emigrated to France (1823-1829).In 1831, and after the monarch's abdication of his five-year-old son, the future Pedro II, he returned to Brazil as the young king's tutor.
Post a Comment
Read more

Joseph Bramah Biography

Joseph Bramah (Stainborough, 1749-London, 1814) British inventor.A mechanic by profession, he carried out numerous practical inventions: a security lock, a hydraulic press, the water-closet or toilet system, a printer to number banknotes, etc.
Post a Comment
Read more

Joseph H. Maclagan Wedderburn Biography

Joseph H.Maclagan Wedderburn (Forfar, 1882-Princeton, 1948) British mathematician.Professor at Princeton University, he was editor of the Proceedings of the Edinburgh mathematical society (1905-1909) and the Annals of mathematics (1912-1928).He stated a theorem ( Wedderburn's theorem ) according to which every finite field is commutative.
Post a Comment
Read more

James A. Mirrlees Biography

James A.Mirrlees (Minnigaff, 1936) British economist.He studied at Douglas Ewart High School and Newton Stewart and entered the University of Edinburgh in 1954 to study mathematics, from which he graduated in 1957.From Scotland he left for England after his admission to Trinity College from the University of Cambridge.In this institution he continued his mathematical training, but during his stay in Cambridge there was an approach to economics that led him to do a doctorate in this discipline and which ended in 1963. When Mirrlees finished his studies in Cambridge, began collaborating with Kaldor as a research assistant on issues related to economic growth.From that position he went to the Center for International Studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology between 1962 and 1963, at which time he was linked to development studies in India.Upon his return to the UK, he obtained a position as Professor of Economics at the University of Cambridge. He held the position unti...
Post a Comment
Read more

Frank Capra Biography

Frank Capra (Palermo, Italy, 1897-La Quinta, United States, 1991) American film director of Italian origin, maximum representative of the American comedy of the 30s, which he endowed with a golden humanistic optimism.When he was six years old, his family emigrated to the United States.He studied at the California Institute of Technology, and upon graduation (1918), he obtained a job as a professor in the army.In 1921 he began his film career, and in 1931 he achieved his first great success as a director with The Miracle Woman . Frank Capra The 1930s would in fact be the most valued of his career, as masterpieces such as It Happened One Night belong to it (1934), starring Clark Gable and Claudette Colbert.The film tells the story of a young heiress named Ellie Andrews (Claudette Colbert), elegant and somewhat headstrong, who has married a ladyboy.Her father, who disapproves of the marriage, forces her to divorce, but the young woman flees from her father's yacht to return ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Andres Iniesta Biography

Andrés Iniesta (Andrés Iniesta Luján; Fuentealbilla, Albacete, 1984) Spanish footballer.Formed at La Masia azulgrana and linked from its origins to Futbol Club Barcelona, ​​he has been one of the fundamental pieces of Josep Guardiola's Barça, winner in 14 of the 18 competitions he played during the four years he served as coach (2008-2012).Equally decisive has been his contribution to the recent successes of the Spanish team: he scored in the final against the Netherlands the goal that gave the Red the World Cup in South Africa (2010) and was declared by UEFA the best player of the European Championship.2012, a trophy that Spain raised for the second time in a row, after also winning the 2008 edition. Andrés Iniesta Andrés y su Younger sister, Maribel, grew up in a working-class family.His father was a bricklayer and his mother helped his grandfather in the bar he ran in town.Always playing ball, at the age of eight his parents decided to enroll him in the selection tests to...
Post a Comment
Read more

Josephine Baker Biography

Joséphine Baker (Saint Louis, 1906-Paris, 1975) French dancer and singer of North American origin.Joséphine Baker grew up in the period of the worst racist riots in Saint Louis.In 1922 she joined a dance company; a year later she was already in the chorus of the first colored play ever performed on Broadway, "Shuffle Along." Later she worked at the mythical Cotton Club. Joséphine Baker In 1925 he went to Paris as a member of the choir of La Revue Nègre.The European public fell in love with Joséphine Baker and became a star of Folies Bergière .He introduced Charleston to the old continent and starred in several successful films such as Le Siréne des tropiques , Zou or Princesse Tam-Tam , until the year 1935.Two years later she became a French citizen. His stature as an artist is only comparable with his humanity and service to others, and proof of this is the life he led from 1939, when the Second World War broke out, integrating first in volunteering and more la...
Post a Comment
Read more

X-ray history

The X-rays were discovered in 1895 and from there they became a very revolutionary application in many branches of science, from astronomy to radiographs that we have not done so many times.the 120th anniversary of the X-rays knowing his inventor and the research that led him to such an important scientific advance. Article index Who invented the X-rays? The inventor or, rather, the person who discovered the X-rays was Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen , a German physicist who was focused on the field of electromagnetics Nothing else to present his discovery, Rontgen's theory received great attention from critics and public, and was translated into French, English or Russian. Although it is not a name as well known today as that of others you celebrate writers, the name of Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen is written in gold letters in the medical field, where he has had and has and numerous applications.The importance of his discovery was such in his day that he was the first Nobel Prize ...
Post a Comment
Read more