Carlos Hugo de Borbón Parma
(Paris, 1930-Barcelona, 2012) Spanish politician.First-born son of Don Javier de Borbón Parma y Braganza, Duke of Parma and aspiring to the throne of Spain, and of Doña Magdalena de Borbón Busset, as well as a direct descendant of Felipe V, Carlos Hugo de Borbón Parma spent his early childhood in the Italian city of Viareggio, from which his family moved to the castle of Bestz, a family possession in the French Bourbons.
Carlos Hugo de Borbón Parma
He was educated in a school of the Benedictine Order and, after the outbreak of World War II, he left for Canada with part of his family.There he studied law, which he completed after his return to the European continent, where he received his doctorate in law from the Sorbonne University (France) and in economics from Oxford (United Kingdom).
He later worked at the German Deutsche Bank and collaborated with the former Christian Democrat Chancellor Erhard and other relevant politicians, after which, in 1955, he traveled to Spain, where he had to settle incognito due to his status as heir of the Carlist suitor.In later years he devoted himself to compiling information on the Spanish socio-political situation, and in 1959 he took part for the first time in the Carlist events in Montejurra.
This initial foray into Spanish public life occurred at a time of greater tolerance and permissiveness on the part of the Francoist authorities; Franco himself came to receive in a public audience the one already considered by his acolytes as the depositary of the historical rights to the Spanish throne.Despite this, the participation of Carlos Hugo de Borbón Parma in 1968 in an unauthorized political meeting led to his expulsion from the country, accused of "repeated non-compliance with the provisions that regulate the residence of foreigners in Spain."
In 1972, his father's abdication in favor of him confirmed him as president of the Carlist Party and aspiring to the Spanish Crown.As a result, he began to display intense political activity from his residence in Paris, aimed at modernizing the structures and approaches of the training he presided over: the fight for democratic reform, the defense of the integration of Navarre in the Country Vasco and the spread of a non-Marxist socialism became the central postulates of his ideology.
His will to reform was key for the establishment of relations with other political formations, as well as for the integration of the Carlist Party in the Democratic Junta, from which, however, he withdrew in 1975.The new line The action promoted by the presidency led to the rejection of the most immobile sectors, which were grouped around the figure of Sixto Enrique, Carlos Hugo's younger brother, and constituted the Traditionalist-Carlist Union, with which the split of the party was consummated..
The internal tension degenerated into violence in the spring of 1976, during the celebration of the traditional pilgrimage of Montejurra, in which supporters of both factions clashed violently, with a balance of two dead and several wounded.The crisis, which even motivated bitter disputes between members of the Bourbon Parma family, was settled in April 1977 with the ratification of Carlos Hugo as party leader, verified at a congress in exile held in the French Basque Country.
That same year, once the Spanish monarchy had been restored in the person of Juan Carlos I and the transition process towards democracy had begun, the Carlist Party was legalized and its president was allowed to return to Spain, who he was re-elected unanimously a year later, within the framework of the IV Training Congress held in Madrid.In 1979 he was granted Spanish nationality by Royal Decree, which allowed him to stand in the general elections as head of the list of his party for the constituency of Navarra.The poor result obtained (he did not get a seat) prompted him to resign from his position and abandon the membership of the Carlist Party, after which he was left out of all political activity.Married and divorced from Princess Irene of Holland, he was the father of four children.
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