Joseph von Fraunhofer Biography

Joseph von Fraunhofer

(Straubing, present-day Germany, 1787-Munich, 1826) German physicist.He worked as an optician at the Untzschneider Institute of Optics near Munich.In 1814, while he was measuring the refractive indices of different kinds of glass that he used as prisms, he observed that fine dark lines appeared in the spectrum produced by a sodium flame, which would later be known as "Fraunhofer lines." He studied hundreds of spectral lines in detail and identified the main ones with letters from A to G.He observed that the relative position of the lines of the spectrum of the elements was constant, regardless of whether the spectrum was produced by incandescent metals, the direct rays of the Sun or light reflected by the Moon and planets.

Comments

Hernando Tellez Biography

Hernando Téllez (Santafé de Bogotá, 1908-1966) Colombian writer and journalist.From a very young age, he showed his journalistic skills, as a contributor to the magazine Universidad directed by Germán Arciniegas, and as an assistant to Enrique Santos in El Tiempo . He was also deputy director of El Liberal and director of the magazine Semana .During the period between 1943 and 1944 he served as Colombian consul in Marseille and senator of the Republic, but he stood out above all for being one of the most complete writers of his time (he was a translator, commentator, short story writer, essayist and literary critic ). In his extensive essay work he dealt with issues of literature, society, politics and everyday life.Téllez was a poet of the essay, as well as profound; He was a great craftsman of the language, a teacher in a sober and effective handling of the language.He was a sensitive observer of daily life, an acute critic of the social and political life of the country...

Christopher Marlowe Biography

Christopher Marlowe (Canterbury, England, 1564-Deptford, id., 1593) English playwright and poet.The mystery that surrounds his life has given rise to numerous legends about him and his work.The most surprising is the one that attributes to him the authorship of Shakespeare's dramas: Shakespeare's appearance on the scene just after Marlowe's death, and the similarity of some verses and formal procedures, has led some to venture the hypothesis of that the death of Marlowe, supposed secret agent of the English Crown, was only a ruse to rid him of his many enemies. Christopher Marlowe Declared officially dead, Christopher Marlowe would have continued his work as a writer through the figure of a second-rate actor, who would be none other than Shakespeare.Without discussing the possible foundation of such theories, the truth is that Marlowe was the first great English playwright, although his literary career only spanned six years. Son of a shoemaker, details about his e...

George dewey Biography

George Dewey (Montpelier, 1837-Washington, 1917) American admiral, famous for commanding the North American fleet that defeated the Spanish in Manila Bay.He began his military studies at the Norwich School (New Hampshire), and in 1854 he entered the Annapolis Naval Academy, where he graduated in 1858.After serving on the steam frigate USS Wabash bound for the Mediterranean fleet, in 1861 he returned to the Naval Academy to obtain the rank of lieutenant. George Dewey When the civil war broke out that same year, he was assigned to the Mississippi frigate with the mission of participating in the blockade of the coast of the Confederacy, and commanding this ship took part in the Battle of New Orleans (April 1862).In 1863 he fought under the orders of Admiral David Farragut at the Battle of Port Hudson, in which the Mississippi was destroyed.Later he was appointed commander of the Monongahela, flagship of Admiral Farragut, and of the Kearsarge, in which he served when the war ended. ...

César Oviedo linen Biography

Lino César Oviedo (Lino César Oviedo Silva; Juan de Mena, 1944) Paraguayan coup general.He completed a career in military academies in Germany.As a Paraguayan military officer, on February 3, 1989, and with the rank of colonel, his intervention was decisive in the overthrow of President Alfredo Stroessner. From this moment on, the promotions in Oviedo's military career followed one another.In May of that same year he was promoted to Brigadier General and in December 1991 to Division General.In that period of time, he served, first, as Head of the 1st Cavalry Division and, later, that of the 1st Army Corps, a position he held until the end of 1993, the year in which he became commander of the Army. He was only promoted to general in the Army when he starred in the most important political-military crisis of the democratic process in Paraguay.On April 22, 1996, and with the support of loyal commanders, he declared in absentia against President Juan Carlos Wasmosy.The military ...

Giovanni bellini Biography

Giovanni Bellini (Venice, Italy, c.1430-1516) Italian painter.In the Italian painting of the second half of the 15th century, Giovanni Bellini, promoter of the Venetian school and famous painter of Madonnas, achieved special renown, who created a pictorial language based on the fusion of the human figure with the landscape, giving great importance to the light and color. Detail of a Self-portrait by Bellini Also called Giambellino, he was born into a family of painters; his father, Jacopo, a draftsman and disciple of the Florentine Gentile da Fabriano, played an important role as an introducer of Renaissance aesthetics in Venice.His brother Gentile Bellini was an important portraitist who collaborated with him in the decoration of the ducal palace and even traveled to Constantinople to portray his sultan. The first works of Bellini, made with the tempera technique, left his father's workshop, a place of learning, work and training until he went to Padua, around 1460.Ther...

Camilo Ponce Enriquez Biography

Camilo Ponce Enríquez (Quito, 1912-1976) Ecuadorian politician, lawyer and leader of the conservative party.He was President of the Republic during the constitutional period of 1956-1960, the first conservative after 64 years of liberal, prosocialist and populist regimes. Camilo Ponce Enríquez After completing his first studies at the San Gabriel school, run by the Jesuits of Quito, Camilo Ponce Enríquez followed higher studies at the Central University of Ecuador in the same city, and complemented them at the University of Santiago de Chile, where in 1938 he obtained the title of lawyer.Later he also did a doctorate in law from the University of Southern (California).He was a founding member of the Ecuadorian Democratic Alliance (ADE). He also founded the newspapers Democracia (1942) and El Heraldo (1945), and the journalistic company Unión Católica S.A.(1949).In 1952 he organized the Christian Social Movement, which would later become a political party.He held the chair ...

Charles II, the Bewitched

Carlos II was laultima, the most degenerate, and the most patent victim of the inbreeding of the Austrias.These words, by the British historian John Lynch, may seem excessive and somewhat loaded in the adjectives.But if we take a look at the history doctor who for thirty-five years was King Carlos II of Spain maybe we change our mind. Index of the article Carlos II, the Bewitched Carlos II was a soul quite unfortunate .Born at the end of a long line of inbreeding, he suffered health problems throughout his life, although short.Badly disfigured, he was considered unable to govern and, during his lifetime, most of the power was in the hands of his mother, Mariana of Austria.He was the last of the Spanish rulers of the Habsburgs and with his time on the throne, Spain fell into decline as an empire.Some of the wild rumors about his health were true, others pure sensation.However, his tragic life was also full of intrigue, and his death plunged much of Europe into a major war. ...

Frank O'Connor Biography

Frank O'Connor (Michael Francis O'Donova, Cork, 1903-Dublin, 1966) Irish writer.Coming from a poor family, he was a bookseller in Dublin and from 1936 to 1939 director of the Abbey Theater. His nationalist militancy led him to join the Irish Republican Army during the Civil War and he reflected his historical disappointments in the volume of short stories Guests of the Nation (1931).One of his best-known stories is My Oedipus Complex , in which he satirically used his own formative experiences and the Irish family tradition around the mother as the axis. His stories, the most recognized of his narrative, start from a realistic observation of the Irish characters and their family life. Guests of the Nation were followed by Apples of Discord (1936), Crab Apple Jelly (1944) and The Stories of Frank O'Connor (1953).Less resonance had his novels The Saint and Mary Kate (1932) and Dutch Interior , of 1940. He also wrote plays ( Mose's Rock , 1938), the...

Ivan Olbracht Biography

Iván Olbracht (Kamil Zeman, Semily, 1882-Prague, 1952) Czech writer.The son of a writer (Antal Staek) and of a rich Jewess who converted to Catholicism, he studied law in Berlin and Prague; in this last city he also studied history.He worked in Vienna until 1916 as a translator from German and as an editor for a workers' newspaper. In January 1920 he entered Russia illegally as a delegate of the Communist Party and participated in the Third International; upon his return he translated the Communist Manifesto.In 1926 and 1928 he was imprisoned for subversive activities.In 1929 he maintained some discrepancies with the Communist Party and left it for some time. From 1931 to 1936 he lived in subcarpathian Russia.During the occupation and the Second World War he moved to Stribrec de Trebon and collaborated with the partisans.In 1945 he was elected a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and parliamentary, and in 1947 he was declared a "national artist"...

Carmen de Icaza Biography

Carmen de Icaza (Madrid, 1904-1979) Spanish novelist.She was the daughter of the Mexican poet and academic Francisco A.de Icaza, at the time his country's ambassador in Madrid.Her very childhood was spent in a literary environment to which her father's gathering contributed to a great extent, which was attended by Juan Ramón Jiménez, José Ortega y Gasset, Rubén Darío and Amado Nervo, also a Mexican diplomat.Later, her father's career would take her to various cities in Europe.Especially important was her stay in Berlin, where she received a careful education in classical and modern languages. Carmen de Icaza In 1925, and again in Spain, her father.The family's lack of resources leads her to apply for a position at the newspaper El Sol, thanks to her father's friendship with Ortega, the newspaper's founder.It deals with the feminine page, from which it echoes the problems of women.He immediately began to collaborate in ABC, Blanco y Negro y Ya, of whose wr...

History Today Online

Search This Blog